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Browse by: "2023"

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This report examines the current conditions of walking and cycling in cities. It reviews the literature on the potential benefits of active mobility, highlighting the importance of moving away from car-centric development. It also explores how cities developed into car-centric environments, with a particular focus on moto-normative assumptions. The report offers recommendations for re-centring mobility spaces on people to improve the quality, enjoyment, utility and safety of active mobility.

Ce rapport est la onzième édition de la Série sur l'administration fiscale de l'OCDE. Il fournit des données comparatives au niveau international sur les tendances mondiales des administrations fiscales de 58 économies avancées et émergentes. Le rapport a pour but d'informer et d’influencer les administrations fiscales dans leur réflexion sur leurs activités futures, ainsi que de fournir aux parties prenantes et aux décideurs des informations sur les tendances et les performances des administrations fiscales dans le monde entier. Le rapport s'articule autour de neuf chapitres qui examinent la performance des systèmes d'administration fiscale, en utilisant un vaste ensemble de données et d'exemples pour mettre en évidence les innovations récentes et les pratiques exemplaires. Cette édition contient également un chapitre supplémentaire qui explore les progrès réalisés en matière de transformation numérique des administrations fiscales. Les données sous-jacentes proviennent de l'Enquête internationale sur l'administration des recettes et de l'Inventaire des initiatives de technologie fiscale.

English

Parallèlement à la reprise rapide enregistrée après la pandémie de COVID-19, les politiques macroéconomiques et le niveau élevé des prix des produits de base ont contribué à l’envolée de l’inflation, ainsi qu’à l’augmentation des déséquilibres extérieurs et des engagements implicites. Ces facteurs de vulnérabilité réduisent la résilience de l’économie face aux chocs. L’ancrage des anticipations d’inflation reste un enjeu essentiel dans les temps à venir. Un cadre réglementaire plus prévisible et plus souple pourrait renforcer la résilience économique. Les réglementations restrictives limitent l’entrée de nouvelles entreprises, protégeant les acteurs historiques de la concurrence intérieure et extérieure. Garantir un environnement concurrentiel équitable, fondé sur des règles, nécessite de faire respecter ces règles sans exception. L’assouplissement des marchés du travail permettrait de créer davantage d’emplois formels de qualité, mais il devrait s’accompagner d’un programme de réforme complet visant à substituer au système actuel de protection contre la perte d’emploi un régime d’assurance chômage de plus grande portée, ainsi que de politiques d’activation judicieusement conçues. Il est essentiel de redoubler d’efforts pour accroître le taux d’emploi féminin afin de remédier au taux d’inactivité élevé chez les femmes. Doter les jeunes des compétences requises permettrait de tirer le meilleur parti du dividende démographique tout en palliant l’inadéquation croissante des compétences.

CHAPITRE THÉMATIQUE : MARCHÉ DU TRAVAIL, ÉDUCATION ET COMPÉTENCES

English

Las Directrices sobre Participación Ciudadana de la OCDE están dirigidas a cualquier funcionario o institución pública con intención de llevar a cabo un proceso de participación ciudadana. Las directrices describen diez pasos para diseñar, planificar, implementar y evaluar un proceso de participación ciudadana, y describen ocho métodos diferentes para implicar a los ciudadanos: información y datos, cabildos abiertos, consultas públicas, innovación abierta, ciencia ciudadana, monitoreo cívico, presupuestos participativos y procesos deliberativos representativos. Las directrices se ilustran con ejemplos y orientaciones prácticas basadas en datos recopilados por la OCDE. Por último, se presentan nueve principios rectores para ayudar a garantizar la calidad de estos procesos.

English

This Public Communication Scan of the United Kingdom, the first such scan of an OECD Member country, brings new insights to the OECD’s work on understanding how public communication contributes to democratic governance. The scan analyses how the United Kingdom’s Government Communication Service (GCS) is building a more effective communication function amid changes to the information ecosystem and how it can help make policymaking more responsive to citizens' needs. The analysis and recommendations in this Scan highlight opportunities for the GCS and the UK Government to align ongoing communication reforms with actions to promote more inclusive and people-centred communication that contributes to greater engagement, improved public trust, and better policy outcomes.

  • 16 Dec 2023
  • OECD, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
  • Pages: 245

经合组织-粮农组织2023-2032年农业展望》对国家、区域和全球层面的农产品和渔产品未来10年市场前景做出一致评估,为前瞻性政策分析和规划提供参考。本《展望》对农业投入成本上升对粮食价格的影响进行了研究。经合组织-粮农组织Aglink-Cosimo模型的新特点是,可将主要矿物肥料成本变化的影响与其他生产投入的成本分开进行分析。据此通过情景分析估计,化肥价格每上涨1%,农产品价格将上涨0.2%。预计未来十年全球粮食消费(农产品的主要用途)年均增长1.4%,由于人口和人均收入增长放缓,增速将低于过去十年水平。本《展望》还对粮食消费的估算方法进行了改进,首次引入了估算粮食损失和浪费的计算方法。

本报告由经济合作与发展组织(经合组织)和联合国粮食及农业组织(粮农组织)共同编写,成员国和国际商品机构提供了支持。报告在假设天气条件或政策没有重大变化的前提下,突出了推动全球农业及食品部门发展的基本经济和社会趋势。

补充信息可以在www.agri outlook.org查阅。

Spanish, English, French

Premier rapport du G7 sur la mise en œuvre de l’égalité des genres, établi sous la Présidence japonaise du G7 en 2023 à la demande des chefs d’État et de gouvernement des pays du G7 et en consultation avec ses membres, dans le cadre de son mécanisme de suivi et de responsabilité (Elmau 2022).

Le présent rapport examine les bonnes pratiques et les progrès accomplis par le G7 pour honorer les engagements pris en faveur de l’égalité des genres sous les présidences du G7 depuis 2017. Il vise à éclairer le futur processus de décision du G7 en matière d’égalité des genres. Le rapport donne en effet un aperçu des efforts déployés pour promouvoir les politiques favorables à la vie de famille, réduire les écarts de rémunération entre les genres, améliorer l’accès des femmes aux fonctions dirigeantes dans les secteurs public et privé, encourager l’entrepreneuriat féminin et renforcer la place des femmes dans les sciences, les technologies, l’ingénierie et les mathématiques (STIM). Le rapport examine en outre les actions engagées pour éliminer les violences fondées sur le genre, ainsi que les mesures prises pour répondre à des enjeux mondiaux, notamment la promotion de l’égalité des genres dans les zones en situation de fragilité ou de conflit.

English

This is the first G7 Gender Equality Implementation Report, prepared under the 2023 Japanese G7 Presidency at the request of G7 Leaders and in consultation with G7 members, as part of the G7 Monitoring and Accountability Mechanism (MAM) (Elmau 2022).

The report presents good practices and progress made by the G7 in meeting commitments related to gender equality made during G7 Presidencies since 2017. The report aims to inform future G7 decision-making on gender equality. The report provides an overview of efforts to promote family-friendly policies; reduce gender pay gaps and improve women’s leadership in public and private sectors; promote women’s entrepreneurship; and foster women’s participation in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). The report also discusses efforts to address gender-based violence, as well as policies targeted at global challenges, including supporting gender equality in conflict and fragile settings.

French
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 28

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Ireland, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Ireland; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Irish healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Ireland.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Iceland, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Iceland; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Icelandic healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Iceland.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD
  • Pages: 271

This report assesses the current state of connectivity in Southeast Asia and provides tailored recommendations for extending broadband access, focusing on five countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. The analysis builds upon the OECD Recommendation on Broadband Connectivity, which provides a reference for policy makers and regulatory authorities within and outside of the OECD. Using the principles of the Recommendation as a roadmap, countries may be better able to unleash the full potential of connectivity for the digital transformation and to ensure equal access to connectivity for all users.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD
  • Pages: 126

Drawing on the experiences of the members and observer organisations of the Development Assistance Committee Network on Development Evaluation (EVALNET), this study provides a snapshot of the core elements and ways of working within development evaluation systems. It offers insight to development co-operation organisations as they seek to establish or strengthen credible evaluation systems of their own, to support learning and accountability. The report also explores the role of evaluation in development co-operation and humanitarian assistance, including the various policy and institutional arrangements used with evaluation systems. It then reviews the evaluation process, from deciding on evaluations to disseminating findings and finally, focuses on how evaluation findings are used to improve development co-operation efforts.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

Dieses Profil bietet einen prägnanten und auf die Gesundheitspolitik ausgerichteten Überblick über den Gesundheitszustand und das Gesundheitssystem in Deutschland als Teil der umfassenderen Serie von Ländergesundheitsprofilen im Rahmen der Initiative ""State of Health in the EU"". Es präsentiert eine eindeutige Analyse, die folgende Schlüsselaspekte umfasst: den aktuellen Gesundheitszustand in Deutschland; die Determinanten der Gesundheit, mit Schwerpunkt auf Verhaltensrisikofaktoren; die Organisation des deutschen Gesundheitssystems; und eine Bewertung der Effektivität, Zugänglichkeit und Resilienz des Gesundheitssystems. Darüber hinaus enthält die Ausgabe von 2023 einen thematischen Abschnitt zum Stand der psychischen Gesundheit und der zugehörigen Leistungen in Deutschland.

Dieses Profil ist das Ergebnis gemeinsamer Arbeit der OECD und des Europäischen Observatoriums für Gesundheitssysteme und -politiken, in Zusammenarbeit mit der Europäischen Kommission.

English
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Malta, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Malta; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Maltese healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Malta.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Norway, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Norway; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Norwegian healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Norway.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 28

Questo profilo, sviluppato nel contesto più ampio dell’iniziativa “Lo stato della salute nell'UE”, fornisce una panoramica concisa delle politiche sanitarie e dello stato del sistema sanitario in Italia. Il profilo presenta un'analisi sintetica che abbraccia i seguenti aspetti chiave: lo stato attuale della salute in Italia; i determinanti della salute, con particolare attenzione ai fattori di rischio comportamentali; l'organizzazione del sistema sanitario italiano, e una valutazione della sua efficacia, accessibilità e resilienza. Inoltre, l'edizione del 2023 presenta una sezione tematica sullo stato della salute mentale e dei servizi correlati in Italia.

Questo profilo è il frutto del lavoro collaborativo dell'OCSE e dell'Osservatorio Europeo sui Sistemi e le Politiche Sanitarie, realizzato in cooperazione con la Commissione Europea.

English
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

Este perfil ofrece una visión concisa y centrada en las políticas del estado de la salud y el sistema sanitario en España, como parte de la serie más amplia de Perfiles Sanitarios de País de la iniciativa El estado de la salud en la UE. Presenta un análisis sucinto que abarca los siguientes aspectos clave: el estado actual de la salud en España; los determinantes de la salud, centrándose en los factores de riesgo conductuales; la organización del sistema sanitario español; y una evaluación de la eficacia, accesibilidad y resistencia del sistema sanitario. Además, la edición 2023 presenta una sección temática sobre el estado de la salud mental y los servicios asociados en España.

Este perfil es fruto de la colaboración entre la OCDE y el Observatorio Europeo de Sistemas y Políticas de Salud, realizada en cooperación con la Comisión Europea.

English
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

Το παρόν προφίλ παρέχει μια συνοπτική και επικεντρωμένη στην πολιτική επισκόπηση της κατάστασης της υγείας και του συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης στην Κύπρο, ως μέρος της ευρύτερης σειράς προφίλ υγείας χωρών της πρωτοβουλίας "Η κατάσταση της υγείας στην ΕΕ". Παρουσιάζει μια συνοπτική ανάλυση που περιλαμβάνει τις ακόλουθες βασικές πτυχές: την τρέχουσα κατάσταση της υγείας στην Κύπρο, τους καθοριστικούς παράγοντες της υγείας, με έμφαση στους παράγοντες κινδύνου συμπεριφοράς, την οργάνωση του κυπριακού συστήματος υγειονομικής περίθαλψης και μια αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας, της προσβασιμότητας και της ανθεκτικότητας του συστήματος υγείας. Επιπλέον, η έκδοση του 2023 παρουσιάζει μια θεματική ενότητα για την κατάσταση της ψυχικής υγείας και των σχετικών υπηρεσιών στην Κύπρο.

Το προφίλ αυτό αποτελεί κοινή προσπάθεια του ΟΟΣΑ και του Ευρωπαϊκού Παρατηρητηρίου Συστημάτων και Πολιτικών Υγείας, που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε συνεργασία με την Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή.

English
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in France, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in France; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the French healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in France.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

French
  • 15 Dec 2023
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 24

This profile provides a concise and policy-focused overview of the state of health and the healthcare system in Spain, as a part of the broader series of Country Health Profiles from the State of Health in the EU initiative. It presents a succinct analysis encompassing the following key aspects: the current health status in Spain; the determinants of health, focusing on behavioural risk factors; the organisation of the Spanish healthcare system; and an evaluation of the health system's effectiveness, accessibility, and resilience. Moreover, the 2023 edition presents a thematic section on the state of mental health and associated services in Spain.

This profile is the collaborative effort of the OECD and the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, carried out in cooperation with the European Commission.

Spanish
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