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This tenth edition of Pensions at a Glance provides a range of indicators for comparing pension policies and their outcomes between OECD countries. The indicators are also, where possible, provided for the other major economies that are members of the G20. Two special chapters provide a review of the impact of the inflation surge on pensions and of recent pension reforms (Chapter 1) and an in-depth analysis of pension provisions for hazardous or arduous work (Chapter 2).
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Since the last edition of Pensions at a Glance in 2021, the pension policy debate in OECD countries has switched from pandemic responses back to a focus on more long-term structural issues. The question of how to address the impact of population ageing on pension systems has moved back to centre stage.
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This edition of Pensions at a Glance discusses the challenges of high inflation for pensions and reviews the pension measures legislated in OECD countries between September 2021 and September 2023. As in past editions, a comprehensive selection of pension policy indicators is included for OECD and G20 countries. Moreover, this edition provides an in‑depth analysis of pension provisions for hazardous or arduous work.
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This chapter looks into pension developments over the past two years. It presents an overview of pension reforms introduced in OECD countries between September 2021 and September 2023. The chapter also describes recent trends in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy as well as inequalities in life expectancy. It provides an overview of long-term trends in employment rates for older age groups and labour market exit ages, and evolutions since COVID‑19. The chapter assesses to what extent pension indexation protected pensioners’ purchasing power throughout the surge in inflation since 2021.
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This chapter describes pension provisions for hazardous or arduous jobs in OECD countries, discusses the issues they raise and provides policy guidance in this area. The first section asks why hazardous or arduous jobs may call for special pension provisions. The second section documents differences across occupations in terms of health and life expectancy as well as the impact of working conditions on health and mortality. The third section analyses existing special pension provisions for workers in hazardous or arduous jobs among OECD countries. The following section presents trends in pension reforms for hazardous or arduous jobs. Then, the role of various policies (other than old-age pensions) in addressing hazardousness and arduousness of jobs is analysed. The final section provides policy implications.
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