The old-age dependency ratio will almost double in the next 35 years on average
Average incomes of older people
Employment rates fall sharply with age
Retirement ages will increase in half of OECD countries, men
Labour market exit ages and life expectancy have both increased over the last 15 years
Average effective age of labour-market exit and normal pensionable age in 2016
Future gross replacement rates for full-career average-wage workers in OECD and G20 countries
Future net replacement rates for low and average income earners in OECD and G20 countries
Growth of employment rates of older workers has been strong
Employment rates among older people rise with educational attainment, 2016
Hours worked per week among employed workers, 2015
Extra years of life expectancy have been largely in good health
Self-reported health differs widely by gender, income and education
The rise in effective retirement age lags behind the rise in the normal retirement age
Employed, retired and other not employed persons aged 50-69, EU-28, 2012
Older workers combining work and pension, 2012
Share of part-time employment in total employment in OECD countries by age groups in 2016
Early retirement is still common in many countries
Actuarially neutral annual bonus on past entitlements at the normal retirement age
Impact on annual total benefits when working and deferring pensions by up to five years after the normal retirement age, full-career average earners
Negative impact on annual total benefits when claiming pensions by up to five years early, full-career average earners
Bonus (penalty) for deferring (anticipating) retirement by one year at a given age (x-axis) for OECD average, Japan (high LE) and Latvia (low LE)
Bonus (penalty) for delaying (anticipating) retirement by one year at a given age (x-axis) depending on the indexation of pension benefits
Value of basic and minimum pensions
Recipients of safety-nets and minimum pensions
3.8. Current retirement age in 2016 for a person who entered the labour force at age 20
Retirement gender age gap currently and in the future
3.10. Current and future retirement ages for a man entering the labour market at age 20
4.3. Gross pension replacement rates: Average earners at retirement age and age 80
4.4. Gross pension replacement rates: Low and high earners
4.7. Personal income taxes and social security contributions paid by pensioners and workers
4.9. Net pension replacement rates: Average earners
4.10. Net pension replacement rates: Low and high earners
4.13. Gross pension wealth for lower earners by gender
4.14. Gross pension wealth for average earners by gender
4.16. Net pension wealth for lower earners by gender
4.17. Net pension wealth for average earners by gender
4.19. Earnings profile compared to base case
Life expectancy at birth, in years, men and women, born in 2015-20
Expected remaining life expectancy at age 65, in years for women in 2015-20 and 2060-65
Expected remaining life expectancy at age 65, in years for men in 2010-15 and 2060-65
5.6. Employment rates of workers aged 55-59, 60-64 and 65-69 in 2016
5.7. Changes in employment rate of older workers, 2000 to 2016
5.8. Average effective age of labour market exit and normal pensionable age in 2016
5.9. Average labour market exit age in OECD countries, 1970-2016
5.10. Expected years after labour market exit by gender in 2016
5.11. Average years in retirement across all OECD countries, 1970-201
6.2. Income sources of older people, 2014 or latest available year
6.4. Income poverty rates by age
Split of pension assets by type of private pension plan in selected OECD countries, 2016
Allocation of private pension assets in selected OECD countries, 2016
Allocation of assets in public pension reserve funds in selected OECD countries, 2015
Real investment rates of return of private pension plans, net of investment expenses, December 2015-December 2016
Real investment rates of return of PPRFs, net of investment expenses, December 2014-December 2015
Operating expenses of private pension systems in selected OECD countries, 2016
Average funding ratio of occupational DB pension plans in selected OECD countries, 2012-16