This chapter analyses current policies and outlines policy reform avenues towards mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in agriculture. It first presents agriculture’s contribution to climate change, both through direct emissions linked to on-farm production, and indirectly through land use change. The chapter then outlines opportunities for agriculture to contribute to climate change mitigation, either by reducing its emissions or through carbon sequestration within agricultural biomass and soils. A comprehensive overview of what the 54 countries covered in OECD’s Agricultural Policy Monitoring and Evaluation 2022 are doing to contribute to climate change mitigation highlights strategies and mitigation targets, and specific measures implemented. The final section discusses the impacts of current agricultural support policies on GHG emissions. The chapter concludes with key recommendations for reforming agricultural policies to address climate change mitigation objectives.