This chapter presents a number of case studies of decommissioning schemes from recent experience in OECD and non-OECD economies. The types of schemes vary widely and include examples of mandatory vessel buybacks, ongoing decommissioning schemes, industry-funded buybacks and an NGO-funded permit acquisition. The objective in presenting the case studies is to highlight the lessons learned from the range of experiences in the design and implementation of the schemes. In particular, it is instructive to identify the key factors that influence the success or failure of the schemes in meeting their objectives.