Browse by: "2019"

Este informe provee un análisis indispensable para el diseño organizacional e implementación efectiva de unidades de integridad en las instituciones del sector público. Asimismo, señala el camino para establecer un sistema articulado con la Secretaría de Integridad Pública de la Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros, órgano técnico encargado de conducir, implementar y evaluar la Política Nacional de Integridad y Lucha contra la Corrupción en el Perú.

This report considers the innovative use of existing infrastructure and the adoption of emerging digital technologies to optimise the use of road capacity. It focuses on using big data to identify the traffic bottlenecks in real-time and manage peak demand with innovative measures at the local and network levels. The report examines the effectiveness and efficiency of a range of instruments for active traffic demand management and also considers application issues. It includes a review of the latest road pricing technologies used in several Asian cities.

Cette évaluation intermédiaire met à jour les prévisions présentées dans le numéro de novembre 2018 des Perspectives économiques de l’OCDE (Numéro 104).

This Interim Report updates projections made in the November 2018 issue of OECD Economic Outlook (Number 104).

This report offers a comprehensive overview of decentralisation policies and reforms in OECD countries and beyond. Sometimes called a “silent” or “quiet” revolution, decentralisation is among the most important reforms of the past 50 years. The report argues that decentralisation outcomes – in terms of democracy, efficiency, accountability, regional and local development – depend greatly on the way it is designed and implemented. Making the most of decentralisation systems is particularly crucial in the context of a “geography of discontent” and growing divides between places that feel left behind by globalisation and technological change and those that may benefit from the opportunities offered by megatrends. The report identifies 10 guidelines for making decentralisation work and allowing it to be conducive to regional development. Beyond the guidelines, the report proposes concrete tools for policy-makers, including detailed sets of recommendations, checklists, pitfalls to avoid and examples of good practices, both in unitary and federal countries.

Large and persistent inequalities in regional economic performance within countries exist throughout the OECD. The 2019 Regional Outlook discusses the underlying causes of economic disparities across regions and highlights the need for place-based policies to address them. The report makes the case that place-based policies are especially important in light of growing public discontent with the economic, social and political status quo in many regions. The geographical patterns of public discontent are closely related to the degree of regional inequalities and policies to address public discontent need to have a place-based dimension.

Place-based policies will become even more important in the future due to several technological, demographic and environmental megatrends. This Regional Outlook emphasises that all regions will be affected by these megatrends, but their effects will vary from region to region, even within the same country. Appropriate policy responses need to take this diversity into account and should be tailored to the region-specific impacts of global megatrends. Insofar as possible, this Regional Outlook presents steps that policy makers can take today to make the next generation of regional policies fit for the future.

This report provide insights and examples for managers who are interested in using data analytics for this purpose by first exploring fundamental risk management practices, particularly in the context infrastructure projects (Section 1). The report then turns to the frameworks, key considerations and select techniques for using data analytics to support corruption and fraud risk assessments (Section 2). The report draws from research, interviews with experts and GACM officials, as well as the results of efforts to create a corruption risk index for a large-scale infrastructure project in Mexico (Section 3).

Laws and regulations affect the daily lives of businesses and citizens. High-quality laws promote national welfare and growth, while badly designed laws hinder growth, harm the environment and put the health of citizens at risk. This report analyses practices to improve the quality of laws and regulations across all 28 EU Member States and the European Union. It systematically assesses the use of evidence and stakeholder participation in the design and review of domestic laws and regulations based on the OECD Indicators of Regulatory Policy and Governance. It also provides insights into individual Member States’ use of regulatory management tools as they relate to EU laws. The report presents good regulatory practices and highlights areas that should receive further attention and investment.

Cette publication annuelle rassemble les principales données statistiques officielles du secteur des assurances pour tous les pays de l’OCDE. Le lecteur y trouvera des informations sur les activités de cette industrie ainsi que des indications sur les grandes tendances du marché international. Les données, standardisées dans la mesure du possible, sont détaillées en nombreuses sous-rubriques et une série d’indicateurs permet une meilleure compréhension des caractéristiques des différents marchés nationaux.

This annual publication shows official insurance statistics for all OECD countries including data on premiums collected, claims, and commissions by type of insurance; investments by type of investment; and numbers of companies and employees. The data, which are standardised as far as possible, are broken down under numerous sub-headings, and a series of indicators makes the characteristics of the national markets more readily comprehensible.

Tendances des impôts sur la consommation présente des informations sur la taxe sur la valeur ajoutée/la taxe sur les produits et services (TVA/TPS) ainsi que sur les droits d'accise dans les pays membres de l'OCDE. Elle traite d'un certain nombre de sujets dans le domaine des impôts indirects tels que les aspects internationaux de l'évolution de la TVA/TPS et lefficacité de cet impôt. Elle décrit également un ensemble de dispositions fiscales telles que la taxation des véhicules à moteur, du tabac et des boissons alcooliques.

В 2015 году правительство Грузии предприняло амбициозные усилия по улучшению бизнес-среды и преодолению сбоев на рынке, которые затрудняют деятельность предпринимателей и менеджеров малых и средних компаний в области основания, управления и развития своего бизнеса. ОЭСР поддержала эти усилия, работая с Министерством экономики и устойчивого развития, чтобы определить задачи, стоящие перед государственной экономической политикой и разработать целевые меры для поддержки грузинских МСП. В результате этой работы правительство Грузии было приглашено на паритетную оценку в рамках круглого стола ОЭСР по повышению конкурентоспособности стран Евразии в Париже в ноябре 2015 года, что привело к последующему принятию Грузинской стратегии развития МСП на 2016–2020 годы.

This review provides policy recommendations on how to improve the Portuguese pension system, building on the OECD’s best practices in pension design. It details the Portuguese pension system and identifies its strengths and weaknesses based on cross-country comparisons. The Portuguese pension system consists of an old-age safety net, a pay-as-you-go defined benefit scheme and voluntary private savings. The safety net includes an old-age social pension and a complement (the so-called Complemento Solidário para Idosos or CSI), both of which pursue similar objectives but have different eligibility criteria. The defined benefit scheme has two main components: the general social security scheme (regime geral da Segurança Social) and the civil-servant pension scheme (Caixa Geral de Aposentações or CGA). The latter has been closed to new entrants since 2006 with new civil servants contributing to the general scheme. Funded voluntary pensions make up a very small share of total pension entitlements. The OECD Reviews of Pension Systems: Portugal is the fourth in the series, after Ireland (2014), Mexico (2016) and Latvia (2018), with a fifth review on Peru under preparation.
 

The monitoring report analyses and assesses recent trends in the fight against corruption in Uzbekistan. It is noted as positive that, for the first time in many years, reforms have been initiated in many areas at the highest political level of the country, which are often radical in nature. These measures are at an early stage of development or implementation and it is therefore too early to assess their practical impact. While welcoming such endeavours, the report critically assesses the state of affairs in various areas of public administration related to anti-corruption activities and makes a number of detailed and specific recommendations aimed at fundamental changes in legislation and enforcement practices.

В мониторинговом отчете проанализированы и дана оценка последних тенденций в сфере борьбы с коррупцией в Узбекистане. Отмечается как позитивное то, что впервые за многие годы по многим направлениям на высшем политическом уровне страны были инициированы реформы, которые часто имеют кардинальный характер. Эти меры находятся на раннем этапе разработки или внедрения и поэтому еще рано давать оценку их практической результативности. Приветствуя такие начинания, в отчете дается критическая оценка состоянию дел в различных сферах государственного управления, которые связаны с антикоррупционной деятельностью, и дается целый ряд детальных и конкретных рекомендаций, направленных на коренное изменение законодательства и практики правоприменения.

This report provides a snapshot of the policy actions being taken by OECD, EU and G20 countries in response to growing diversity in forms of employment, with the aim of encouraging peer learning where countries are facing similar issues. It shows that many countries are reflecting on whether existing policies and institutions are capable of addressing effectively the current (and future) challenges of a rapidly changing world of work. In recent years, many countries have seen the emergence of, and/or growth in, particular labour contract types that diverge from the standard employment relationship (i.e. full-time dependent employment of indefinite duration). These include temporary and casual contracts, as well as own-account work and platform work. Several countries have also seen growth in false self-employment, where employers seek to evade tax and regulatory dues and obligations. These changes are driving policy makers worldwide to review how policies in different areas – labour market, skills development, social protection – can best respond. How can policymakers balance the flexibility offered by a diversity of employment contracts, on the one hand, with protection for workers and businesses, on the other?

La presente publicación analiza en profundidad y de manera comparada cómo los países de América Latina pueden avanzar en la lucha contra la corrupción y promover un cambio sistémico, que reconozca y aborde los principales desafíos en materia de integridad. La gran cuenta pendiente de la región se relaciona con la necesidad de transcender el papel, lo formal, y lograr un cambio real en las conductas, promoviendo incentivos y prácticas de manera efectiva. Esta edición del reporte se enfoca en detalle en aquellas áreas que los propios países que conforman la Red de Integridad Pública de América Latina y el Caribe OCDE-BID han considerado prioritarias:La coordinación, continuidad e implementación del sistema de integridad ; El servicio civil ; La gestión de riesgos y auditoría interna ; El financiamiento político.

This document contains the progress update and assessment of implementation of recommendations from the Fourth Round of Monitoring of the Istanbul Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Azerbaijan adopted at the ACN Plenary meeting on 13 September 2017, at the ACN Plenary meeting on 3 July 2018 and at the ACN Plenary meeting on 21 March 2019.