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  • 31 May 2019
  • OECD, Open Society Foundations
  • Pages: 212

This report offers an empirical tool to help planners, statisticians, policy makers and advocates understand people's everyday legal problems and experience with the justice system. It sets out a framework for the conceptualisation, implementation and analysis of legal needs surveys and is informed by analysis of a wide range of national surveys conducted over the last 25 years. It provides guidance and recommendations in a modular way, allowing application into different types of surveys. It also outlines opportunities for legal needs-based indicators that strengthen our understanding of access to civil justice.

  • 03 May 2019
  • International Transport Forum
  • Pages: 348

Aviation is one of the most regulated industries in the world. Much of this regulation is safety-related, to mitigate the inherent risks tied with air transport. But aviation is also subject to economic regulation that influences which airline flies which route, at which frequency, capacity and price. It even stipulates the nationality of its owners and decision makers. Aviation has freed itself from some restrictions over the past three decades, with many benefits to society. Yet liberalisation has also raised issues with regard to maintaining fair competition, high labour standards and mitigating aviation’s growing environmental impact.

The SME Policy Index is a benchmarking tool that assists emerging economies in monitoring and evaluating progress in policies that support small and medium-sized enterprises. This first application of the Index methodology in the Latin American and Caribbean region covers the four Pacific Alliance member countries (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru) and three participating South American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Uruguay). Divided into seven policy dimensions, this report assesses the strengths and weaknesses that exist in different areas of SME policy design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation, and provides guidance to policy makers in identifying policy areas for future reform according to international good practices. This report is a joint effort between the Development Bank of Latin America (CAF) and the OECD through its Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Programme (LACRP), in co-operation with the Latin American and Caribbean Economic System (SELA) and the “Foundation for the Strategic Analysis and Development of the SME” (FAEDPYME).

Spanish

La presente publicación analiza en profundidad y de manera comparada cómo los países de América Latina pueden avanzar en la lucha contra la corrupción y promover un cambio sistémico, que reconozca y aborde los principales desafíos en materia de integridad. La gran cuenta pendiente de la región se relaciona con la necesidad de transcender el papel, lo formal, y lograr un cambio real en las conductas, promoviendo incentivos y prácticas de manera efectiva. Esta edición del reporte se enfoca en detalle en aquellas áreas que los propios países que conforman la Red de Integridad Pública de América Latina y el Caribe OCDE-BID han considerado prioritarias:La coordinación, continuidad e implementación del sistema de integridad ; El servicio civil ; La gestión de riesgos y auditoría interna ; El financiamiento político.

Este informe provee un análisis indispensable para el diseño organizacional e implementación efectiva de unidades de integridad en las instituciones del sector público. Asimismo, señala el camino para establecer un sistema articulado con la Secretaría de Integridad Pública de la Presidencia del Consejo de Ministros, órgano técnico encargado de conducir, implementar y evaluar la Política Nacional de Integridad y Lucha contra la Corrupción en el Perú.

The Sami have lived for time immemorial in an area that today extends across the Kola Peninsula in Russia, northern Finland, northern Norway's coast and inland, and the northern half of Sweden. The Sami play an important role in these northern economies thanks to their use of land, their involvement in reindeer husbandry, agriculture/farming and food production, and connection with the region’s tourism industry. However, in Sweden, as in the other states where the Sami live, the connections with regional development are often inconsistent and weak, and could do more to support the preservation and promotion of Sami culture and create new employment and business opportunities. This study, together with the OECD’s broader thematic work on this topic, provides actionable recommendations on how to better include the Sami and other Indigenous Peoples in regional development strategies, learning from and incorporating their own perspectives on sustainable development in the process.

  • 10 Dec 2018
  • OECD
  • Pages: 66

This report provides an overview of financial literacy in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It provides these six countries with an opportunity to see how their financial literacy levels compare to the other countries participating in the Project on Financial Education in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).

Una elección humana está en el núcleo de la integridad. Investigaciones sobre el comportamiento han revelado dos determinantes de la integridad: la dinámica interna de cómo los individuos toman decisiones morales y cómo estas decisiones son a su vez influenciadas y moldeadas por otras personas. Este informe presenta cómo una perspectiva conductual podría contribuir a que las políticas de integridad y anticorrupción sean más eficaces y eficientes. Incluye aplicaciones de políticas concretas y proporciona una guía para los responsables de las políticas sobre cómo utilizar la perspectiva conductual en el diseño de políticas de integridad y anticorrupción.

English
  • 18 Apr 2018
  • International Energy Agency
  • Pages: 66

The cement sector is the third-largest industrial energy consumer and the second-largest industrial CO2 emitter globally. Rising global population and urbanisation patterns, coupled with infrastructure development needs, drive up the demand for cement and concrete and increase pressure to accelerate action in reducing the carbon footprint of cement production.

Under a scenario that considers announced carbon mitigation commitments and energy efficiency targets by countries, the cement sector would increase its direct CO2 emissions just 4% globally by 2050, for an expected growth of 12% in cement production over the same period. However, more ambitious action would be needed to achieve global climate goals.

This Technology Roadmap builds on the long-standing collaboration of the IEA with the Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) of the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). It provides an update of the Cement Technology Roadmap 2009: Carbon Emissions Reductions up to 2050, and sets a strategy for the cement sector to achieve the decoupling of cement production growth from related direct CO2 emissions through improving energy efficiency, switching to fuels that are less carbon intensive, reducing the clinker to cement ratio, and implementing emerging and innovative technologies such as carbon capture. The report therefore outlines a detailed action plan for specific stakeholders to 2050 as a reference and a source of inspiration for international and national policy makers to support evidence-based decisions and regulations.

  • 09 Apr 2018
  • OECD, CAF Development Bank of Latin America, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Pages: 256

The Latin American Economic Outlook 2018: Rethinking Institutions for Development focuses on how institutions can underpin the foundations of a long period of sustained and inclusive growth and increased well-being. The report begins with an overview of the main macroeconomic challenges, analysing the complex macroeconomic context in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region, and exploring policy options to boost potential growth, with a particular focus on trade. It then analyses the link between low trust and society’s disconnection and dissatisfaction with institutions and a number of long-standing, structural features of the region as well as more recent, contextual dynamics that are shaping LAC’s economy, society and politics . In this respect, the report examines how the social contract can be strengthened in LAC, mainly through a state that delivers and responds to citizens’ changing demands, as well as through policies and institutions which provide good and equal socio-economic opportunities in a rapidly changing global context.

Spanish
  • 04 Apr 2018
  • OECD, Asian Development Bank Institute, International Labour Organization
  • Pages: 131
This report documents the increase in labor migration in Asia and looks at how finance and technology can aid its positive impact on home countries. As diasporas increase, governments have reached out to citizens abroad to provide them with financial instruments. Remittance channels have long been consolidated, but financial technology is changing the ways in which migrants remit—reducing fees and opening opportunities for new actors. One occupation driving labor migration, and incurring its own challenges, is work in information technology (IT). This report examines some of the latest developments in financial products and technology aimed at labor migrants from and in Asia, and discerns the factors determining the success of mobile IT workers from India. The four chapters in this report draw on issues raised and discussed during the Seventh Roundtable on Labor Migration in Asia: Finance and Technology to Increase the Positive Impact of Migration on Home Countries, held in Manila on 18–19 January 2017. The event brought together regional experts and policy makers and was co-organized by the Asian Development Bank Institute, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Labour Organization, and the Asian Development Bank.
The report’s introductory chapter reviews recent regional migration trends. Two statistical annexes provide an overview of migration flows within Asia and between Asia and other regions.
  • 23 Nov 2017
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 20
  • 23 Nov 2017
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 16
  • 23 Nov 2017
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 20
  • 23 Nov 2017
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 16

This report looks at the state of health in Luxembourg.

French
  • 23 Nov 2017
  • OECD, European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies
  • Pages: 16

La contratación pública se está convirtiendo en una herramienta estratégica en el Perú para lograr importantes objetivos políticos. Las reformas legislativas aprobadas en 2016 indican un fuerte compromiso del gobierno para modernizar el sistema de adquisiciones públicas. De hecho, el sistema atraviesa actualmente un período de transición, pasando de formalidades excesivas y procesos de licitación complejos a la priorización de resultados y una mayor relación calidad-precio. Este informe examina las reformas en curso en materia de contratación pública en el Perú, centrándose en cuestiones como los procesos de contratación pública, la participación en licitaciones y la cultura de integridad en el proceso de contratación pública. También, proporciona orientación para ayudar al Perú a implementar reformas que aumenten la eficiencia, transparencia y rendición de cuentas del sistema.

English
  • 09 Aug 2017
  • OECD, CAF Development Bank of Latin America, Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
  • Pages: 394

本书探讨青年、技能和创业。拉丁美洲青年代表着该地区的希望与危险。他们站在拉美地区的
十字路口,曾经经历经济繁荣和社会进步,如今只能忍受着增长放缓。本书确立的潜在战略和政策
回应,有助于拉丁美洲和加勒比地区重现经济增长。尽管发展的源泉各有不同,但是技能和创业能
够促进青年人从事知识密集型经济活动,激发其生产力,改变该地区的政治,如同他们从学校到生
产性工作的成功转型,创造他们所追求的未来。报告涵盖了该领域的有益经验和最佳实践,提出的
战略可以帮助拉美巩固长期增长,确保社会进程的连续性。

English, Spanish

La ayuda para el Comercio en síntesis se centra en la conectividad comercial, que es decisiva para el crecimiento económico, la inclusión y el desarrollo sostenible. La conectividad física posibilita la circulación de mercancías y servicios hacia los mercados locales, regionales y mundiales, y está estrechamente relacionada con la conectividad digital, que es indispensable en el entorno comercial actual. Sin embargo, 3.900 millones de personas de todo el mundo siguen sin acceso a Internet y muchas de ellas viven en países menos adelantados.

El presente informe se basa en el análisis de los costos comerciales y lleva este al ámbito digital, dando cuenta del carácter cambiante del comercio. Su objetivo es tratar de encontrar formas de apoyar a los países en desarrollo -y especialmente a los menos adelantados- para que puedan obtener beneficios del comercio. El informe pasa revista a las medidas que están siendo adoptadas por una gran variedad de colectivos interesados entre otros, gobiernos, sus asociados para el desarrollo y el sector privado, a fin de promover la conectividad en favor del desarrollo sostenible. Una de las ideas que emerge con fuerza es que la participación en el comercio electrónico requiere mucho más que una simple conexión a Internet.

Esta version abreviada incluye extractos de capítulos aportados por la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC), la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD), la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT), el Banco Mundial, el Centro de Comercio Internacional (ITC), el Marco Integrado mejorado y Business for eTrade Development. La versión completa será publicada con posterioridad.

French, English

Este informe analiza la incorporación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en la educación superior en América Latina, se enfoca principalmente a lo denominado comúnmente “educación a distancia” o “e-learning”. El sistema de educación superior enfrenta retos cruciales como: acceso a educación de calidad, recursos financieros limitados y lograr la pertinencia de la educación a las necesidades del mercado laboral. El estudio intenta comprender cómo las TIC y las nuevas prácticas de aprendizaje y enseñanza pueden ayudar a afrontar estos desafíos. El informe proporciona también los resultados de una encuesta que muestra el grado de implementación e impacto del e-learning en un grupo de instituciones de la región. Asimismo hace recomendaciones de política pública.

English
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