The population is ageing rapidly
Ageing-related public expenditures are expected to increase rapidly
Public spending on pensions is projected to increase sharply
Disposable income of the elderly is close to the OECD average, and old-age poverty is low
Many pensions are close to the poverty line
The effective labour market exit age is among the lowest in the OECD
Expected years in retirement will be among the longest in the EU
Early and normal retirement ages have a strong impact on actual retirement in Slovakia
Longer working lives mean lower pension expenditures
Inequalities in life expectancy are persistent but gains have been broad-based
Childcare career breaks lead to smaller pension entitlements than elsewhere
The effective pension contribution rate is above the OECD average
The gross and net replacement rates are above the OECD average
The pension point system is highly redistributive
The self-employed contribute little to old-age pensions
The income threshold for exemption from contributions is high
A very long contribution period is required to receive a minimum pension
Unemployment spells lead to relatively large pension reductions
Private pension savings are very low
Replacement rates are lower for the mixed pension scheme than public pension scheme
The investment strategy is very conservative
Life expectancy is low and gains have not fully translated into healthy life years
Preventable mortality is high
Screening and influenza vaccination are low among particular groups at risk
Excise duties on alcohol are relatively low
The Roma use health care services less often despite greater health needs
Slovakia has a low number of nurses and doctors
Figure 2.28.There is room for increasing health care efficiency
Figure 2.29.Overreliance on hospital care and specialists hinders system efficiency
Figure 2.30.Slovakia has a small and ageing general practitioners workforce
Hospital debt has increased and the trend is projected to continue
Figure 2.32.Spending on pharmaceuticals is high
Figure 2.33.Public long-term care spending is set to increase rapidly
Figure 2.34.An increasing share of women is inactive due to caring responsibilities
The share of elderly people with a severe dependency assessment is high
Older people and women at childbearing age are under-utilised in the labour market
The employment rate of mothers with young children is low
Older workers benefit less from training opportunities
Automation risk is high
Reskilling needs by automation are different depending on skills level of workers
Reskilling needs are different depending on the type of automation
Figure 2.42.The working environment is strenuous for many
Paid leave for mothers is longer than elsewhere
Mothers with young children have lower work incentives
Net childcare costs are high
The gender pay gap is high
Reducing the net childcare fee will significantly increase working incentives of mothers