The Dutch economy is gradually recovering
Fossil fuels account for the largest share of energy supply
Renewables have significantly increased
Energy consumption grew, but its intensity decreased
Road transport accounts for almost all of the energy consumption of the sector, but CO2 emissions from new cars are decreasing
GHG emissions decoupled from economic growth
Air emissions decreased
Dutch material productivity grew faster than GDP
Waste generation declined and incineration with energy recovery increased
Nutrient surpluses decoupled from agricultural production
Dutch urban land take is higher than the OECD average
A small share of land is under the highest level of nature protection
The Natura 2000 network covers a smaller share of land compared to other countries
The share of threatened species is high
Farmland bird population decreased significantly
A medium water-stressed country, with electricity cooling abstracting the largest share of freshwater
Energy structure and intensity
Road transport
GHG emissions and intensity
CO2 emissions and intensity
SOx emissions and intensity
NOx emissions and intensity
PM2.5 emissions and pollution
Waste generation and management
Material consumption and productivity
Agricultural inputs and livestock density
Fish catches and threatened species
Water abstraction and wastewater treatment