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The last two years have seen multiple crises considerably impacting citizens’ physical and mental health, as well as posing a significant threat to the global economy and societal well-being. As EU and OECD economies gradually recover from the critical phase of the COVID‑19 pandemic, their economic and social outlooks have become more uncertain following Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. Major hikes in energy and commodity prices have aggravated inflationary pressures at a time when a cost-of-living crisis was already taking a heavy toll on economies and societies everywhere, and especially low-income households.
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Health at a Glance: Europe is the first step in the State of Health in the EU cycle of knowledge brokering. It is designed to provide a cross-country assessment of national health systems’ performance in the European Union. It also provides more in-depth analysis on two important topics in the thematic chapters upfront.
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The pandemic has had a dramatic impact on people’s lives in Europe and around the world. It has led to a reduction of more than one year in life expectancy in the EU in 2021 compared with the pre‑pandemic level – the largest drop observed in most EU countries since World War II. By the end of October 2022, more than 1.1 million COVID‑19 deaths had been reported across the 27 EU countries. This is however an under-estimation, with excess mortality statistics pointing to an additional 300 000 people dying as a direct or indirect result of the pandemic. Over 90% of COVID‑19 deaths have occurred among people over the age of 60. The mortality impact of COVID‑19 has been lowest in the Nordic countries (Iceland, Norway, Denmark and Finland), and highest in Central and Eastern European countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Croatia, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Latvia and Romania).
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