Variation of reading performance within countries
Reading performance and socio-economic profile
Income inequality in the population and strength of the relationship between socio-economic background and performance
Summary of PISA measures of educational equity
Performance differences among the highest- and lowest-achieving students
Percentage of students below proficiency Level 2 and at Level 3 or above
Relationship between school average socio-economic background and school resources
Percentage of variance in reading performance explained by various aspects of family background
Reading performance difference between students from single-parent families and those from other types of families
Reading performance, by school location
Socio-economic background and reading performance in the OECD area
Measures of the relationship between socio-economic background and reading performance
Strength of the socio-economic gradient and reading performance
Slope of the socio-economic gradient and reading performance
Countries' mean reading performance, observed and after accounting for socio-economic profile
Percentage of resilient students among disadvantaged students
Percentage of students with an immigrant background
Students' reading performance, by percentage of students with an immigrant background
Performance difference between students with and without an immigrant background, by percentage of students with an immigrant background
Reading performance, by immigrant status
Reading performance by immigrant status, before and after accounting for socio-economic background
Percentage of students at proficiency Level 3 or above, by immigrant status
Percentage of students below proficiency Level 2, by immigrant status
Performance differences among first-generation students, by age of arrival
Percentage of students, by immigrant status and language spoken at home
Immigrant status, language spoken at home and reading performance
Reading performance in host countries by students with an immigrant background from OECD countries
Reading performance in host countries by students with an immigrant background from non-OECD countries
Characteristics of schools attended by students with and without an immigrant background
Variation in reading performance between and within schools
Range of students' socio-economic background
Range of schools' socio-economic background
Variation in reading performance explained by students' and schools' socio-economic background
Slope of the socio-economic gradient between and within schools
Percentage of students in disadvantaged, mixed and advantaged schools, by students' socio-economic background
Difference between observed and predicted performance in disadvantaged, mixed and advantaged schools, by students' socio-economic background
Parents' educational support at home and student performance, before and after accounting for socio-economic background
Performance difference between students who had attended pre-primary school for more than one year and those who had not
Summary of students' and schools' socio-economic background and performance
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Peru, Albania, Indonesia and Tunisia
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Luxembourg, Israel, Austria and Dubai (UAE)
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in United States and Belgium
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Shanghai-China, Korea, Finland and Canada
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Iceland and Estonia
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Australia, New Zealand, Germany and Belgium
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Dubai (UAE), Mexico and Thailand
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Finland and Panama
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Spain and Mexico
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway and Poland
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Greece and Portugal
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background in Norway and New Zealand
Relationship between school performance and schools' socio-economic background