The fiscal deficit has increased
Low contribution of labour quality to economic growth
Qualification mismatch
Educational attainment is on the rise
Gender gaps in labour market participation increase with age
Per capita GDP has converged but its pace needs to be accelerated
Life is good in Malaysia, though improvement is still needed in several areas
Well-being improvements have weakened
Recent macroeconomic developments
Malaysia’s growth is highly reliant on trade
Monetary and financial developments have been stable overall
Inflation has a different impact according to income groups
Decreasing contribution of paid employment and self-employment to household income
Malaysia’s inequality has declined but its tax-and-transfer system has little effect on income distribution
The fiscal deficit has increased (graph)
Malaysia’s tax revenue collection is low
The share of non-tax revenue is projected to widen, and the ratio of total revenue to GDP has been falling
Malaysia’s tax mix relies on direct taxes
Public social spending has much room to increase
Malaysians can expect a lengthy retirement
Healthcare expenditure is rising fast
Government’s debt guarantee has risen
Malaysia’s capital stock of PPP projects is high
Malaysia can improve the preparation, procurement and management of PPPs
Federal government debt remains below the ceiling
Federal government debt scenarios
Malaysia needs to fully implement anti-corruption plans
Contribution of labour quality to economic growth is low
Labour productivity level still lags behind advanced countries
There is room to further liberalise services regulations in Malaysia
Restrictions to movement of people in STRI, by professional services
Economic development path needs to be less carbon-intensive
Labour productivity and the use of reading skills at work
The Malaysian labour market is undergoing structural changes
Finding the right skills is an obstacle for many Malaysian firms
Labour market imbalances are pervasive in Malaysia
Many workers are employed in jobs that do not match their education level
Government expenditure on education is relatively high
Government expenditure per student in tertiary education is high
Expenditure on students in tertiary education is higher than for those at lower levels in the education system
Enrolment in education has been on the rise
Malaysian students performed relatively poorly in PISA 2012
A relatively high percentage of Malaysian students achieve low scores in PISA
Malaysian teachers spend a lot of time on non-teaching duties in addition to teaching
Smaller class sizes are linked to lower non-teaching workload of teachers
Youth unemployment rate among tertiary education graduates is relatively high in Malaysia
Relatively few firms train their workers in Malaysia
Adults face multiple barriers to participation in training activities
Not everyone has the same access to adult learning opportunities
Many of the HRDF training opportunities are in the area of health and safety
Funds collected from employers for training have not been put to full use
Gender gaps in labour force participation in Malaysia increase with age
Female workers are not overrepresented in low-skill or low-wage occupations
Entrepreneurial policy in Malaysia
Routine jobs have been losing importance in the Malaysian labour market