Non-OECD countries' share in the global economy has been steadily rising
The difference in growth rates between advanced economies and emerging and developing economies has been narrowing since 2009
BRIICS countries have been increasing their share of global trade and investment
China and India's raw material imports have been increasing
China has the largest stocks of outward foreign direct investment among the BRIICS
Large non-OECD economies command an increasing share of world output, consumption and investment
Many upper middle-income countries may not converge to average OECD GDP per capita by 2050
Lagging productivity in middle-income countries
Population is ageing rapidly in many middle-income countries
Productivity increases within sectors have contributed most to productivity growth in some middle-income countries but not all
Investment efficiency has improved recently in East Asia and Pacific
Labour productivity catch-up stalled in a number of countries but labour utilisation improved in Latin America and some other countries
Countries show different degrees of integration into the global value chains
Domestic activities have benefited so far from the integration into the global value chains, 2000-09
The shifting wealth process led to specialisation rather than to diversification
Production capabilities do not always match the level of development
Product market regulation is higher in emerging economies than in OECD
Barriers to trade and investment and state control are higher in emerging economies than in OECD
Education attainment in emerging economies is nearing OECD levels
Although to a different extent, most BRIICS are tapping global knowledge through foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows
China has the most significantly imported capital goods during the last decade
Most BRIICS are investing significantly in research and development (R&D)
Inequality is increasing in some of the BRIICS
How the BRIICS countries stand in the world income distribution relative to the United States
Structural differences are not a major contributor to manufacturing labour productivity gaps
Productivity is improving quickly in some key industries in emerging economies
Within-firm effects often affect productivity change more than the reallocation of output between firms
Advertising is associated with higher firm productivity
There is no clear relationship between firm age and productivity in many countries
Younger firms may be more likely to improve their relative productivity
Foreign-owned firms are more productive
The BRIICS are relatively open to manufacturing foreign direct investment (FDI) or are liberalising
Low competition may drive higher productivity estimates in some countries and industries
Exporting firms tend to be more productive
Productivity does not necessarily increase with firms' export intensity
Total factor productivity (TFP) tends to increase with firm size
Labour productivity often does not increase with firm size
Smaller firms are more likely to see access to finance as a serious constraint
There are significant overlaps in the distribution of firm total factor productivity (TFP) by size
Technical efficiency varies widely by country in both high- and low-tech manufacturing
Research and development (R&D) is associated with higher productivity
Productivity is higher in firms that provide worker training
China and other emerging economies are improving manufacturing energy efficiency
Energy intensity is higher among smaller manufacturers
High energy intensity is often associated with low labour productivity
High growth potential in financial and business services in all non-OECD countries
Services drive over 50% of value-added growth in selected emerging economies
One-tenth (or more) of household consumption is spent on education, healthcare and social services in emerging economies, with the exception of the Russian Federation
Emerging consumption pools in many service sectors
Business process outsourcing in emerging economies is still underdeveloped
Business service productivity and intensity of use are positively associated with manufacturing productivity
Morocco, the Philippines and India have the highest service export shares of GDP
Service productivity in emerging economies lags far behind the OECD average, though some countries are making ground
Productivity growth in financial, telecommunications and business services on par with or higher than in manufacturing
China's service sector firms allocate inputs efficiently
In emerging economies, internet speed and capital intensity in the ICT-dependent business service sector lag behind levels in advanced countries
Limited improvements in contract enforcement and intellectual property protection in developing countries
Mark-ups are particularly low in computer-related activities, construction, and retail and wholesale services
Higher restrictions of financial services imports are associated with lower productivity
Smaller firms in telecommunications, financial and business services are more productive in Brazil, but less productive in China
Higher skill-intensity in business services is associated with higher productivity
Wide variety of service productivity levels across low- and middle-income countries
Financial and business services are more productive than manufacturing in both OECD and non-OECD countries
Emerging economies improved total factor productivity in many services at a higher pace than in manufacturing
Regional income levels are diverging in some emerging economies
Regional productivity levels are converging in some countries
Regional variance in efficiency is relatively low in China and Colombia
Regional factors may be more important among younger firms in driving productivity
Locally raised resources are limited in Mexico
Share of total royalties allocated to individual departments in Colombia before and after the reform
Decomposition of labour productivity disparities within and between regions – the size dimension
Decomposition of labour productivity disparities within and between regions – the age dimension
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – Cameroon
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – China
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – Colombia
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – India
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – Indonesia
Productivity and employment levels, shares and growth by region – Senegal
Life expectancy in the Russian Federation and in South Africa has decreased considerably
Investment share in GDP increased in China, India and Indonesia
Growth in China, India and Indonesia is associated with strong investment growth
Capital accumulation has been the most important driver of growth in all BRIICS
Productivity gaps in the BRIICS are large
All BRIICS expanded exports at a fast pace since 2000
China is diversifying its exports at a fast pace
India has the smallest share of capital goods imports among the BRIICS
After a long period of divergence, income convergence (relative to the OECD average) has recently resumed in Brazil
Energy use in the Russian Federation is comparatively high
Employment in India has been increasing, but not fast enough to keep up with the growing population
Forest coverage has declined considerably in Indonesia
China has outperformed the other BRIICS
Labour force participation rates are low in South Africa and a quarter of the labour force is unemployed
China exported more capital goods in relative terms compared to the rest of the BRIICS
Among the BRIICS, only China diversified into higher technology products
Among the BRIICS, India and China have the lowest share of local value-added content of exports