The fifth edition of the SIGI in 2023 covers 179 countries. Because of data gaps, SIGI scores are calculated for only 140 countries in the fifth edition, up from 120 countries in the fourth edition in 2019. SIGI scores range from 0 to 100, with 0 indicating no discrimination and 100 indicating absolute discrimination. Based on their SIGI scores, countries and territories are classified into five levels of discrimination, ranging from very low to very high ().

The Social Institutions and Gender Index (SIGI) measures discriminatory social institutions in key areas that affect women’s and girls’ lives. Produced by the Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) since 2009, the SIGI documents the persistence and prevalence of gender discrimination across countries at different stages of development. The SIGI aims to support policy making by providing quality data to policy and decision makers, experts and researchers, international and philanthropic organisations, as well as the public at large.

Legal experts and lawyers completed the SIGI 2023 Legal Survey between March 2022 and February 2023, with a cut-off date for legal information on 30 August 2022. The Gender team of the OECD Development Centre performed data quality checks before sharing the responses with governments to validate the collected data.