• Lithuania has one of the broadest asset disclosure systems in terms of purpose. It covers issues from general transparency to combating corruption, monitoring of wealth and illicit enrichment, as well as overall prevention of conflict of interest.

  • Asset declarations were first introduced in October 1996 and gradually improved since. At first the declarations were not public; in 2003 they became public, but the content of the form was significantly reduced, while in 2005 the templates were again amended to include all relevant information. The 2005 legislation also clearly states that the statements are public documents.

  • Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and two autonomous cities: Ceuta and Melilla. While the state has exclusive competence areas such as nationality, immigration, emigration, right of asylum, international relations, defence and the armed forces, administration of justice and others listed in Section 149 of the Constitution, autonomous communities may develop the certain competences provided for in the Constitution through their statutes of autonomy.

  • The requirement for civil servants to declare assets was first introduced in Ukraine in 1993, through Article 13 of the Law of Ukraine on Civil Service. However, there are no mechanisms in place for its application, through either this law or any other legislative acts. The requirement was further elaborated in the special Enactment of the Cabinet of Ministers and the Law on Combating Corruption in 1995,1 and only in 1997 were practical aspects of the declaration process addressed. That year the Ministry of Finance endorsed a template asset declaration, which marked the actual launch of the declaration practice for assets in Ukraine. That same system, designed in mid-90s, is – with minor changes – still in place.