Chapter 3 examines the threat of natural disasters in Bandung, and how the city and metropolitan area can build greater resilience to them systematically and comprehensively through a variety of means. The chapter is divided into three sections: 1) the natural hazards that pose the greatest risk to Bandung are identified; 2) the current state of DRM policy in Bandung is assessed; and 3) co-ordination and governance mechanisms between government entities and other stakeholders are discussed. A focus is placed on the impacts of natural disasters and urban resilience policies on the most vulnerable segments of the local population. In addition, the chapter also stresses the need for broad support and full engagement of affected communities, civil society, and the private sector, with local political leadership.This chapter draws on the key findings of the OECD study “Green Growth in Bandung, Indonesia” (OECD, 2016). It also benefited from discussions held during the third Knowledge-Sharing Workshop ‘Smart Cities and Green Growth’ in Bandung (6 -7 May, 2015), and by independent research and discussions with subject matter experts in Indonesia, Asia, Europe, and the United States.

Chapter 4 examines the resilience of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR) to floods, which occur during the rainy season. It is critical to address this risk to ensure sustained and cost-effective urban green growth while adapting to the impacts of climate change, because precipitation and flooding affecting the region will likely increase in the future. This chapter consists of three sections: 1) the natural disasters that pose the greatest risk in the BMR are identified; 2) the current state of DRM policy in the BMR is assessed; and 3) co-ordination and governance mechanisms between government entities and other stakeholders are discussed. In particular, the chapter analyses four critical elements for enhancing DRM to floods:1) Flood-resilient urban infrastructure in the BMR;2) Flood-resilient land use in the BMR;3) The BMR’s economic resilience to floods; and4) The BMR’s social resilience to floods.This chapter draws on the key findings of the OECD study “Green Growth in Bangkok, Thailand” (OECD, 2015). It also benefited from discussions at the Knowledge-Sharing Workshop on Urban Green Growth in Dynamic Asia, held in Bangkok on 6‑7 August 2014, which was supported by the OECD Knowledge Sharing Alliance.

Chapter 5 describes the natural disaster risks facing Cebu (Metro Cebu). The chapter begins by examining the threat of natural disasters in Cebu, and how the metropolitan area can build greater resilience systematically and comprehensively through a variety of means. This chapter is divided into three sections: 1) the natural hazards that pose the greatest risk to Cebu are identified; 2) the current state of DRM policy in Cebu is assessed; and 3) governance issues of vertical and horizontal co-ordination are discussed.This chapter draws on the key findings of the OECD study “Green Growth in Cebu, Philippines” (OECD, 2017). It also benefitted from discussions held during the fifth Knowledge-Sharing Workshop, ‘Creating a Sustainable and Resilient Cebu’, that took place in Cebu (8-9 December, 2015).

Chapter 6 examines the threat of natural hazards to Hai Phong, Viet Nam, and how the government can build greater resilience to them. The chapter is divided into three sections. The first section examines the “natural hazards” that pose the greatest risk to Hai Phong. It identifies and presents the risks which require the most urgent adaptation and mitigation actions. The second section assesses key policies and activities that are currently being implemented in Hai Phong to increase the city’s resilience. It also proposes strategies and recommendations using the “systems thinking” approach that can be applied to increase the resilience of critical urban services and functions before, during, and after disasters.The third section focuses on governance and analyses a number of public engagement and communication issues making important recommendations in that regard. The policy assessment particularly focuses on Hai Phong Port.This chapter draws on the key findings of the OECD study “Green Growth in Hai Phong, Viet Nam” (OECD, 2016). It has also benefited from discussions held during the fourth Knowledge-Sharing Workshop ‘Green Growth in Port Cities’ in Hai Phong (24-25 June, 2015).

Chapter 7 describes the natural disaster risks facing Iskandar. The chapter begins by examining the threat of natural disasters in Iskandar, and how the city and metropolitan area can build greater resilience to them, systematically and comprehensively through a variety of means.This chapter is divided into three sections: 1) the natural hazardsthat pose the greatest risk to Iskandar are identified; 2) the current state of DRM policy in Iskandar is assessed; and 3) governance issues of vertical and horizontal co-ordination are discussed.This chapter was informed by discussions held during the 2nd Knowledge-Sharing Workshop, ‘Spatial development strategies in Iskandar Malaysia: how to plan, manage and maintain local assets under rapid urbanisation’, that took place in Johor Bahru, Malaysia (November, 2014).