Latin American Economic Outlook 2013
SME Policies for Structural Change
Latin America has weathered the recent turbulence in the global economy with relative strength, but the region now faces – beyond the short-term global uncertainty -- important medium-term risks. Policy makers need to make use of the policy space at their disposal to lay the foundations for inclusive and sustainable growth.
SMEs play a key role as they are an integral part of the economic fabric, comprising over 95% of firms in the region as well as providing employment for over 60% of the region’s inhabitants. Nevertheless, relative to SMEs in the OECD, on average SMEs in Latin America exhibit low levels of relative productivity and weak links with the rest of the economy. In light of several decades of blanket SME policies with limited impacts in the region, this report proposes a more integrated approach that caters to the productive context and firm specificities. SMEs are part of a greater productive structure, and productive development policies need to be designed to address the particularities of heterogeneous SMEs. These differences can be manifested in many ways including the markets they serve, the types of products they produce, the level of technological sophistication and use of human capital involved in production, as well as the productive links with other firms in the industry. Providing policies which are adapted to the productive context requires co-ordination between various policy areas and levels of government to ensure that interventions are complimentary and effective. With this perspective in mind, the report explores key policy areas that address some of the main challenges to SMEs in the region including access to finance, skill development, innovation, and productive development.
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Production linkages, clusters and global value chains: seeking answers for SMEs
Centre de Développement de l’OCDE
Bridging the gap in SMEs’ production and exports in the region justifies the need to implement efficient production linkage policies based on instruments to promote business co-operation and institutional collaboration in order to improve businesses’ competitive performance and create a dynamic, innovative business environment. There is a whole range of partnership projects in Latin America, aimed at promoting clusters, business networks and regional programmes, as well as SMEs’ participation in global value chains. However, these projects have been based on approaches and instruments whose operational modes of action are not always consistent with the goals being pursued.
Egalement disponible en : Espagnol
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