Multi-dimensional Review of Uruguay
Volume 1: Initial Assessment
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Uruguay has made remarkable progress over the past decade. Stable macroeconomic policies and a favourable external environment have permitted brisk growth and the financing of social policies. Substantial improvements in several dimensions of human well-being have occurred during this period, alongside considerable reductions in external risks. The conditions ahead, however, may present challenges to maintaining performance. Overcoming these challenges will require finding the appropriate balance between long run objectives and macroeconomic and fiscal stability.
One of the main obstacles to economic growth is the insufficient and inadequate provision of human capital and skills. A number of challenges remain for education, which, together with fiscal policy, are key means of reducing inequalities and sustaining economic growth. In addition, Uruguay needs to address labour shortages to avoid constraints on future growth, especially as exports become more skills-intensive. It is important to orient social policies and expenditures towards the most vulnerable groups.
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Editorial
OECD Development Centre
Improvements in living standards and outcomes that matter for people’s quality of life are essential for economic and social development. Since the economic crisis of 2002 Uruguay has made significant progress in this direction, while also increasing its integration in the global economy. This has translated into higher growth rates and a reduction in inequalities. Uruguay has chosen its own path in terms of policies for development, compared to other Latin American countries and the OECD. The country’s particular mix of policies shows that there is no single “model” of development. For example, reforms to increase the progressivity of the tax and transfer system, as well as efforts to increase formal jobs, were key to improving living standards.
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