The future of the nation-state trends: A visual overview – a display of the trends in this chapter and the connections between them. Tightening the belt: Prioritising national spending – social expenditure has increased across all OECD countries as life expectancy increases, although retirement age has remained the same. Securing our national borders – illustrates the reductions in military expenditure associated with a parallel decline in the willingness to fight for one’s country. Women at work – reflects a larger female presence in the labour market, including in top managerial positions. Entrepreneurship and knowledge societies – examines government policies to incentivise entrepreneurship and a growing geographical dispersion of innovation. The picture of health – looks at old and new health challenges, such as Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes and obesity. Infographic: The nation-state and education – a visual exploration of the links between the trends in this chapter and education.