Business dynamics plays an important role not only as a driver of job creation but also as an engine of reallocation and productivity growth. This book aims at providing new evidence on business dynamics from different countries and at shedding new light on the heterogeneous responses of firms to economic shocks, with a particular focus on the impact of the last decade’s global financial crisis. All chapters in this book highlight the importance of going beyond the average firm paradigm when analysing business dynamics, accounting for different firm characteristics such as size, age, ownership and trade status.