OECD Employment Outlook 2023
Artificial Intelligence and the Labour Market
The 2023 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook examines the latest labour market developments in OECD countries. It focuses, in particular, on the evolution of labour demand and widespread shortages, as well as on wage developments in times of high inflation and related policies. It also takes stock of the current evidence on the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the labour market. Progress in AI has been such that, in many areas, its outputs have become almost indistinguishable from that of humans, and the landscape continues to change quickly, as recent developments in large language models have shown. This, combined with the falling costs of developing and adopting AI systems, suggests that OECD countries may be on the verge of a technological revolution that could fundamentally change the workplace. While there are many potential benefits from AI, there are also significant risks that need to be urgently addressed, despite the uncertainty about the short- to medium-term evolution of AI. This edition investigates how to get the balance right in addressing the possible negative effects of AI on labour market outcomes while not stifling its benefits.
Also available in: French
OECD雇用見通し2023: AIと労働市場 (エグゼクティブサマリー)
新型コロナウイルス不況から堅調であった回復基調は2022年に入って失速した。これには、ロシアによる対ウクライナ侵略戦争により多くの国々でインフレが数十年ぶりの高水準に達し、生活費危機が常態化したことが背景にある。しかし、雇用は堅調で失業率は過去数十年で最低の水準に達している。高齢者を含めた非労働力人口率はほぼ例外なくパンデミック以前の水準を下回っている。労働市場はほとんどの国々で引き続き逼迫しているが、失業者一人当たりの求人数が過去最高の水準からわずかに下落していることからいくらかゆとりも見られる。
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