The Missing Entrepreneurs 2023
Policies for Inclusive Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment
The Missing Entrepreneurs 2023 is the seventh edition in a series of biennial reports examining how government policies can release untapped entrepreneurial potential from under-represented parts of the population of impactful entrepreneurs, including women, youth, seniors, the unemployed, immigrants and people with disabilities. It offers comparative data on the entrepreneurship activities and the barriers faced by each group across OECD and European Union countries. It takes a deep dive into the effectiveness of youth entrepreneurship schemes and the design of welfare bridge schemes for business creation by job seekers. It also contains country profiles for each of the 27 EU Member States showing the major recent trends in diversity in entrepreneurship and the current state and evolution of policy for each country.
The effectiveness of inclusive entrepreneurship schemes: A spotlight on youth
Young people show a high level of interest in entrepreneurship – nearly 40% indicate a preference for self-employment – but only 5% of youth in the European Union and 9% in the OECD were working on a start-up over the period 2018-22. Governments have strengthened their commitment to supporting young people following the COVID-19 pandemic, including young entrepreneurs. However, there are still significant knowledge gaps about which types of schemes work and why. This chapter provides an overview of recent findings from robust evaluations of youth entrepreneurship support schemes and identifies lessons for governments on how schemes could be strengthened.
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