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The Missing Entrepreneurs 2023

Policies for Inclusive Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment

image of The Missing Entrepreneurs 2023

The Missing Entrepreneurs 2023 is the seventh edition in a series of biennial reports examining how government policies can release untapped entrepreneurial potential from under-represented parts of the population of impactful entrepreneurs, including women, youth, seniors, the unemployed, immigrants and people with disabilities. It offers comparative data on the entrepreneurship activities and the barriers faced by each group across OECD and European Union countries. It takes a deep dive into the effectiveness of youth entrepreneurship schemes and the design of welfare bridge schemes for business creation by job seekers. It also contains country profiles for each of the 27 EU Member States showing the major recent trends in diversity in entrepreneurship and the current state and evolution of policy for each country.

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Immigrants’ self-employment and entrepreneurship activities

The proportion of immigrants who are self-employed varies greatly across countries but overall, the number of immigrant entrepreneurs is increasing. In addition, a growing amount of evidence shows that immigrant entrepreneurs starting impactful businesses. This chapter presents comparable self-employment indicators for immigrant entrepreneurs and the self-employed across European Union Member States and OECD countries, as well as country-specific research on immigrant entrepreneurship.

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