While regulations pursue legitimate policy objectives, when they are overly restrictive or onerous, however, a comprehensive review can help identify problematic areas and develop alternative policies that achieve government objectives without harming competition.Competition Assessment Projects evaluate market regulations to identify regulatory barriers to competition. These include regulations that restrict entry into a market; constrain firms’ ability to compete (for example, by regulating prices); treat competitors differently (for instance, by favouring incumbents); facilitate co‑ordination among competitors; or restrict consumers’ ability to change suppliers. The methodology followed in this systematic exercise is summarised in Annex A., which also describes the stages of the project and provides full references to the OECD Competition Assessment methodology.This chapter provides some background information on the Brazil Competition Assessment Project, before summarising the main findings of the literature on the benefits of competition and the estimated economic benefits of implementing the recommendations.