This chapter examines the challenges for advancing private sector participation in infrastructure in Myanmar. It looks into the challenge of infrastructure access and financing in the country, as well the prospects for infrastructure investments following Myanmar’s transition to a more open economy. The chapter also reviews recent and announced reforms and the remaining obstacles for creating an institutional and regulatory environment suitable for private participation in infrastructure. These issues and other sector-specific issues are then discussed for three key infrastructure sectors: transport, telecommunications and electricity. Green infrastructure is addressed throughout the chapter and in balance with Myanmar’s need to build infrastructure assets for growth.