OECD Economics Department Working Papers
Working papers from the Economics Department of the OECD that cover the full range of the Department’s work including the economic situation, policy analysis and projections; fiscal policy, public expenditure and taxation; and structural issues including ageing, growth and productivity, migration, environment, human capital, housing, trade and investment, labour markets, regulatory reform, competition, health, and other issues.
The views expressed in these papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its member countries.
- ISSN : 18151973 (en ligne)
- https://doi.org/10.1787/18151973
Improving Labour Utilisation in Brazil
Labour force participation is comparable to the OECD area for prime-age males. It is somewhat lower for females
and is trending down for youths as a result of rising school enrolment. The labour market is placing an increasing
premium on skills, making it particularly difficult for the less educated to find a job. Labour informality is pervasive
and turnover high, especially for the less educated, discouraging investment in labour training and the acquisition of
job-related skills, and perpetuating income disparities. The main policy challenge is to improve labour utilisation by
reducing informality and fostering human capital accumulation on and off the job. A stable macroeconomy is a
pre-condition for reducing unemployment, but a greater focus on activation within the current policy framework
would be advisable. To close the remaining gender gap, female labour force participation in full-time jobs could be
encouraged by increasing the supply of affordable child care and pre-school education. Labour turnover can be
reduced by mitigating the incentives for negotiated separation, which currently arise from the design of severance
insurance (FGTS) in the event of unfair dismissal. Skill marketability can be enhanced through the introduction of a
national skills certification system, and labour training can become more cost-effective through increased
contestability in existing programmes.
Mots-clés: labour markets, informality, probit, employability
JEL:
J20: Labor and Demographic Economics / Demand and Supply of Labor / Demand and Supply of Labor: General;
J8: Labor and Demographic Economics / Labor Standards: National and International;
J30: Labor and Demographic Economics / Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs / Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General
- Cliquez pour accéder
-
Cliquer pour télécharger le fichier PDF - 923.75KBPDF