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  4. Policy approaches to reduce inequalities while boosting productivity growth

Documents de travail du Département des Affaires économiques de l'OCDE

Documents de travail du Département des affaires économiques de l’OCDE recouvrant toutes les activités de ce département : conjoncture économique, analyse politique et projections ; politique fiscale, dépenses publiques et fiscalité ; questions structurelles dont le vieillissement, la croissance et la productivité, la migration, l’environnement, le capital humain, le logement, les échanges et les investissements, les marchés de l’emploi, la réforme réglementaire, la concurrence, la santé et d’autres thèmes.
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Policy approaches to reduce inequalities while boosting productivity growth

Over the past decades, productivity growth and technology diffusion have slowed down, and business dynamism has declined in many advanced and emerging economies. Meanwhile, inequalities in economic outcomes, such as in income and wealth, and in opportunities, such as access to quality education and training, are pervasive. By hampering social mobility and the efficient allocation of talents, inequality of opportunities may trigger slower growth and even higher inequalities in outcomes. Policies to boost growth and make it more inclusive should focus on (i) ensuring broad access to quality education, from childhood onwards, and upskilling throughout working lives; (ii) addressing labour market insecurity and informality and improving job quality; (iii) curbing market power in products and labour markets to boost business dynamism; (iv) enhancing the efficiency and progressivity of taxes and transfer systems; and (v) fostering international cooperation, for instance in trade and taxation.

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Mots-clés: economic growth, inequality, productivity
JEL: J48: Labor and Demographic Economics / Particular Labor Markets / Particular Labor Markets: Public Policy; J38: Labor and Demographic Economics / Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs / Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Public Policy; H10: Public Economics / Structure and Scope of Government / Structure and Scope of Government: General; L5: Industrial Organization / Regulation and Industrial Policy; I38: Health, Education, and Welfare / Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty / Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: Government Policy; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs; H2: Public Economics / Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue; O4: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth / Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity; O38: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth / Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights / Technological Change: Government Policy; L1: Industrial Organization / Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance; I28: Health, Education, and Welfare / Education and Research Institutions / Education: Government Policy; K2: Law and Economics / Regulation and Business Law
ENVOYER CETTE PAGE

Auteurs
Emilia Soldani, Orsetta Causa, Maxime Nguyen et Tomasz Kozluk

05 Sept 2024

41 pages

N° 1819

https://doi.org/10.1787/af121c8f-en

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