Value for Money in School Education
Smart Investments, Quality Outcomes, Equal Opportunities
Policymaking has always been a matter of making choices, managing trade-offs and balancing multiple goals and priorities to make complex budgetary decisions. Yet, the past few years have seen a rising number of priorities facing policymakers, hence mounting pressure to enhance the efficiency of public spending. There is a strong case for public investment in high-quality education as it leads to a range of economic outcomes as well as broader social outcomes for both individuals and society. But while high-quality education will continue to enable individuals and societies to thrive and recover from disruptions, education ministries will need to rethink the way they invest in education to ensure that education systems deliver greater value for money. Following an introduction laying out the context, this publication first takes stock of the wealth of economic returns and broader social outcomes derived from high-quality education, making the case for continued public investment. It then turns to the examination of smart ways of investing in education and examines key policy levers that can help enhance value for money: governing and distributing school funding to make the most of education investments; achieving educational equity alongside greater efficiency; and planning, monitoring and evaluating the efficient use of school funding.
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Governing and distributing school funding: Effectively connecting resources and learning
Efficient and equitable resourcing of schools is the foundation for quality education and marks a key challenge for education systems. Beyond a sufficient level of funding, effective resourcing requires adequate governance arrangements and well-designed allocation mechanisms for education funding. This chapter examines whole-system approaches to managing the complexity of school funding governance in the context of fiscal decentralisation and growing school autonomy. It also presents a series of questions that need to be addressed when designing school funding allocation mechanisms, highlighting the potential of needs-based funding formulas. Finally, the chapter underlines the importance of adequate regulatory frameworks for the public funding of private providers to mitigate unintended consequences and harmful effects on equity.
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