At this workshop, participants (i) shared information about different types of chemical monitoring programmes conducted by countries and international bodies; (ii) shared experiences of using measured data in environmental exposure assessment; (iii) identified ways to improve monitoring programmes so that data from them are of high quality and are appropriate for use in exposure assessment; (iv) identified ways that existing monitoring data can be used to calibrate and validate exposure models; and (v) recommended further work for OECD and/or others, as appropriate.