The emergence of “green budgeting” in recent years reflects the importance countries have placed on using the budget process to support the achievement of environmental and climate objectives. Climate change, biodiversity loss and environmental degradation are having a profound impact on our planet, society and global economy. In response, countries have set national goals and made global commitments to protect the environment and mitigate climate change. As budgets play a core role in prioritising and resourcing government action, they can have significant impact on progress towards these objectives. The OECD plays a leading role in green budgeting by helping countries to use budgetary tools to provide policy makers with a clearer understanding of the environmental and climate impact of budget choices.