Lobbying in the 21st Century
Transparency, Integrity and Access
Lobbying, as a way to influence and inform governments, has been part of democracy for at least two centuries, and remains a legitimate tool for influencing public policies. However, it carries risks of undue influence. Lobbying in the 21st century has also become increasingly complex, including new tools for influencing government, such as social media, and a wide range of actors, such as NGOs, think tanks and foreign governments. This report takes stock of the progress that countries have made in implementing the OECD Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying. It reflects on new challenges and risks related to the many ways special interest groups attempt to influence public policies, and reviews tools adopted by governments to effectively safeguard impartiality and fairness in the public decision-making process.
Summary and conclusions
This chapter draws the main conclusions of the monitoring exercise and suggests key actions to strengthen the transparency and integrity of the policy-making process. It also proposes a way forward to reinforce the relevance and adequacy of the OECD Recommendation on Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying.
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