Commercialising Public Research
New Trends and Strategies
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Public research is the source of many of today’s technologies from the GPS and MRI to MP3 technology. Public research institutions (PRIs) and universities are also an engine of entrepreneurial ventures from biotech start-ups to Internet giants like Google. Today, globalisation, open innovation and new forms of venture financing such as crowd funding are changing the way institutions promote the transfer and commercialisation of public researcher results.
This report describes recent trends in government and university level policies to enhance the transfer and exploitation of public research and benchmarks the patenting and licensing activities of PRIs and universities in a number of OECD countries and regions, including the EU, Australia, Canada, and the US.
Finally, it also showcases, based on case studies of leading institutions in Finland (Aalto Center for Entrepreneurship), Germany (Fraunhofer Institute), the Czech Republic (Technology Transfer Office of the Czech Technical University), Japan (open innovation in firms), United States (National Institutes of Health) a number of good practices for increasing the number of university invention disclosures, accelerate licensing contracts and promote more open innovation practices between universities and firms.
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Benchmarking knowledge transfer and commercialisation
National-level data on knowledge transfer and commercialisation of public research provide a partial picture of how well universities and public research institutions (PRIs) perform in terms of patenting, licensing and spin-off activity. Data of key performance indicators show that growth has stalled in major OECD economies and regions in recent years. Attention is also drawn to surveys of other channels for knowledge transfer and commercialisation, such as the mobility of students and researchers between sectors, but also broader access to public research data. The need for new metrics is stressed.
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