Data-Driven Innovation
Big Data for Growth and Well-Being
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Today, the generation and use of huge volumes of data are redefining our “intelligence” capacity and our social and economic landscapes, spurring new industries, processes and products, and creating significant competitive advantages. In this sense, data-driven innovation (DDI) has become a key pillar of 21st-century growth, with the potential to significantly enhance productivity, resource efficiency, economic competitiveness, and social well-being.
Greater access to and use of data create a wide array of impacts and policy challenges, ranging from privacy and consumer protection to open access issues and measurement concerns, across public and private health, legal and science domains. This report aims to improve the evidence base on the role of DDI for promoting growth and well-being, and provide policy guidance on how to maximise the benefits of DDI and mitigate the associated economic and societal risks.
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Promoting data-driven scientific research
This chapter summarises the recent evolution of science – mainly thanks to the advent of data analytics – towards a more open and data-driven enterprise. It examines how new and evolving opportunities for interconnecting and sharing have led to what could be called citizen science. A discussion follows on the various impacts of open access to science, research and innovation on the business and science communities and on citizens. There are examples of organisations involved in open data efforts, and an exploration of the challenges and opportunities presented by data sharing. The focus then shifts to policies and practices in the OECD area and beyond, with the emphasis on infrastructure for data sharing. With unrestricted access to publications and data, firms and individuals may use and reuse scientific outputs to produce new products and services – but do scientists and researchers have the incentives or indeed the skills to perform these tasks?
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