Coping with Emigration in Baltic and East European Countries
The Baltic countries have experienced sustained emigration over the past decade, contributing to population decline and a loss of working-age population. The impact of this emigration is felt strongly in the labour market, the general economy and in social developments. How can countries deal with the impact of high levels of emigration? How to attract back emigrants? How best to benefit from the financial, social and human capital developed abroad? The Baltic countries are not alone in addressing these challenges, and this volume brings together the recent experience of Poland and Romania, as well as a wide range of OECD countries, in developing new policies to cope with emigration.
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Mobilising migrants skills and resources in Romania
This chapter focuses on Romanian labour migration, its effects on origin and destination labour markets, and its impact on social and economic development, as well as on pressing demographic issues, such as population ageing. The chapter then examines the effect of departure of Romanian workers on unemployment and its relation to economic restructuring. The educational characteristics of Romanian migrants are examined in terms of destinations, occupations and employment sector. The main policy initiatives to address emigration and support return are described, in terms of features and the actors implementing them. The chapter concludes by looking at potential future evolution of emigration and its impact on Romania.
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