Pensions at a Glance 2017
OECD and G20 Indicators
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The 2017 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the last two years. Moreover, one special chapter focuses on flexible retirement options in OECD countries and discusses people’s preferences regarding flexible retirement, the actual use of these programs and the impact on benefit levels.
This edition also updates information on the key features of pension provision in OECD countries and provides projections of retirement income for today’s workers. It offers indicators covering the design of pension systems, pension entitlements, the demographic and economic context in which pension systems operate, incomes and poverty of older people, the finances of retirement-income systems and private pensions.
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Fertility
The total fertility rate is below the estimated replacement level of about 2.1 in developed countries – the number of children needed to keep the total population constant – in 33 out of 35 OECD countries in 2015. The exceptions to this are Israel with a total fertility rate of 2.93 and Mexico at 2.14. In over two-thirds of OECD countries fertility rates have slightly increased since the early 2000s. Fertility rates have a profound implication for pension systems because they, along with life expectancy, are the drivers of population ageing. Since 1960, there has been a steady convergence of fertility rates across countries, which is expected to be prolonged in the next decades.
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