OECD Trade Policy Papers
This series is designed to make available to a wider readership selected trade policy studies prepared for use within the OECD.
NB. No. 1 to No. 139 were released under the previous series title OECD Trade Policy Working Papers.
- ISSN: 18166873 (online)
- https://doi.org/10.1787/18166873
Trade Preference Erosion
Expanded Assessment of Countries at Risk of Welfare Losses
This paper presents additional findings from the on-going work of the OECD project on trade
preference erosion. The purpose was to assess in more detail the situation of those preference-reliant
countries seen as being most at risk of experiencing negative welfare effects from preference erosion as a
consequence of multilateral tariff liberalisation (building on Lippoldt and Kowalski, 2005). Based on a
selection criterion, 7 developing countries were chosen for inclusion in the present study: Bangladesh,
Madagascar, Morocco, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia. Using the standard GTAP database
and model, the paper considers a scenario of multilateral tariff liberalisation involving a 50% linear
reduction in the ad-valorem equivalent measure of protection. Whereas most developing regions
experienced welfare gains as a consequence of such a scenario, the selected countries were found to be at
risk of modest welfare losses, most of which were associated with tariff liberalisation by European Union
countries (EU-15). Where negative welfare impacts occurred in the selected developing countries, they
tended to be driven primarily by terms of trade losses (especially by negative export price effects). In line
with the modest size of the estimated welfare losses, the overall impact in terms of structural adjustment --
as measured by an index of structural change -- tended to be relatively modest. For three of the seven
developing countries, welfare losses primarily associated with the EU-15 tariff liberalisation are estimated
to be more than fully offset by greater gains arising from improved market access in other sectors and
markets.
Keywords: developing countries, nonreciprocal preferences, statistical review, tariff reductions, multilateral trade negotiations, CGE simulation, preference erosion
- Click to access:
-
Click to download PDF - 273.00KBPDF