OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2016
The fully revamped and re-titled OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook is a biennial publication that aims to inform policy makers and analysts on recent and future changes in global science, technology and innovation (STI) patterns and their potential implications on and for national and international STI policies. Based on the most recent data available, the report provides comparative analysis of new policies and instruments being used in OECD countries and a number of major emerging economies (including Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, the Russian Federation and South Africa) to boost the contribution of science and innovation to growth and to global and social challenges. In this edition, detailed country and policy profiles are available on line.
Start-ups and innovative entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship is a major driver of innovation, productivity growth and job creation. Innovative start-ups bring new ideas into the market, in some cases tapping into knowledge generated but not commercialised by existing firms (Acs et al., 2013), generate high-wage employment and wield competitive pressure on existing enterprises, forcing them to stay abreast of market developments or exit the market. This process, which Schumpeter called “creative destruction”, contributes to productivity growth by improving resource allocation in the economy. There is also evidence of a positive empirical relationship between the rate of business entry and exit and productivity growth in an economy
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