The main international agreement is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), ratified by 196 parties. Industrialised countries committed to taking measures aimed at stabilising GHG emissions by 2000 at 1990 levels. The 1997 Kyoto Protocol established differentiated national or regional emission reduction or limitation targets for the six major GHGs (CO2, CH4, N2O, PFCs, HFCs and SF6) for 2008‑12, with 1990 as the reference year. The Kyoto Protocol has been ratified by 192 countries, including all but two OECD countries, and has been in force since 16 February 2005. In 2010 and 2011, negotiations in Copenhagen and Cancun led to progress on, among other things, goals for emission reductions, including from developing countries; finance; adaptation; and reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation (REDD).