Browse by: "2021"

La OCDE revisa los regímenes de contratación pública nacionales y sectoriales para guiar y apoyar a los países en la lucha contra las prácticas colusorias. Esta revisión analiza las reglas y prácticas de adquisiciones de EsSalud Perú a la luz de la Recomendación y las Directrices de la OCDE sobre la lucha contra la colusión en las licitaciones públicas.

Ensuring a level playing field between public and private market participants bring more choice, higher quality and lower prices for consumers leading to economic growth and development on the long run. This review analyses issues of competitive neutrality in the small-package delivery services sector in Indonesia, offering policy recommendations where changes could be made to foster competition in the sector and contribute to e-commerce growth by levelling the playing field between public and private companies.

Les petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) et les entrepreneurs ont été durement touchés pendant la crise du COVID-19. Les réponses politiques ont été rapides et sans précédent, aidant à amortir le choc et à maintenir la plupart des PME et des entrepreneurs à flot. Malgré l’ampleur du choc, les données disponibles jusqu’à présent indiquent une création soutenue de start-ups, aucune vague de faillites et une impulsion à l’innovation dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. Cependant, le soutien des gouvernements a été moins efficace pour les travailleurs autonomes, les petites et jeunes entreprises, les femmes et les entrepreneurs issus de minorités. Les pays n’ont pas non plus tous été en mesure de soutenir les PME. Alors que les campagnes de vaccination se déploient et que les perspectives économiques s’éclaircissent, les gouvernements doivent prendre le virage d’une sortie de crise et créer les conditions nécessaires pour reconstruire en mieux. Les Perspectives 2021 de l’OCDE pour les PME et l’entrepreneuriat apportent de nouvelles données probantes sur l’impact de la crise sur les PME et les entrepreneurs et les réponses politiques apportées. Elles réfléchissent à des questions à plus long terme, telles que l’endettement des PME ou le rôle des PME dans des chaînes d’approvisionnement plus résilientes, ou la diffusion de l’innovation. Le rapport contient des profils de pays qui comparent l’impact, les facteurs de vulnérabilité et les sources de résilience dans les pays de l’OCDE, et mettent l’accent sur le soutien à la liquidité et les plans de redressement pour les PME.

Global Insurance Market Trends provides comparable, cross-country data on insurance markets. It is a comprehensive source of statistical information for government authorities (regulators, finance ministries, and central banks), the insurance sector, the research community, and consumers. The report is based on the inputs from national insurance authorities and supports monitoring and analysis of the insurance sector. 

Fiscal Federalism 2022 surveys recent trends and policies in intergovernmental fiscal relations and subnational government. Accessible and easy-to-read chapters provide insight into: good practices in fiscal federalism; the design of fiscal equalisation systems; measuring subnational tax and spending autonomy; promoting public sector performance across levels of government; digitalisation challenges and opportunities; the role of subnational accounting and insolvency frameworks; funding and financing of local government public investment; and early lessons from the COVID-19 crisis for intergovernmental fiscal relations.

This report examines FinTech applications and use cases in the Asian region and provides an overview of the most recent and prominent digital innovations in finance. It reviews policy tools used by jurisdictions in the region, and suggests policy responses intended to support financial innovation while ensuring that the use of such mechanisms is consistent with promoting financial stability, market integrity and competition, while protecting financial consumers.

Ensuring a level playing field between public and private market participants bring more choice, higher quality and lower prices for consumers leading to economic growth and development on the long run. This review analyses issues of competitive neutrality in the small-package delivery services sector in Singapore, offering policy recommendations where changes could be made to foster competition in the sector and contribute to e-commerce growth by levelling the playing field between public and private companies.

Ensuring a level playing field between public and private market participants bring more choice, higher quality and lower prices for consumers leading to economic growth and development on the long run. This review analyses issues of competitive neutrality in the small-package delivery services sector in Malaysia, offering policy recommendations where changes could be made to foster competition in the sector and contribute to e-commerce growth by levelling the playing field between public and private companies.

This report provides an overview of financial literacy - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and the Russian Federation.This is the second wave of financial literacy surveys conducted by the OECD in the CIS countries. It contains a comprehensive section on financial resilience defined by four clusters of financial behaviours and attitudes.

This Review assesses Ukraine’s investment climate vis-à-vis the country’s energy sector reforms and discusses challenges and opportunities in this context. Capitalising on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment and other relevant instruments and guidance, the Review takes a broad approach to investment climate challenges facing Ukraine’s energy sector. It covers investment trends, the current policy and regulatory framework, the legal and institutional framework for investment protection, investment promotion and facilitation, public governance, energy infrastructure and policies relating to promoting and enabling responsible business conduct. The analysis and recommendations in the Review can help policy makers strengthen the enabling conditions for investment in Ukraine’s energy sector.

This report offers an integrated assessment of the shift within non-bank financial intermediation in real estate finance from structured products to leveraged institutions and collective investment vehicles. The paper reviews the key trends in real estate finance since the global financial crisis, activities and risks, with a focus on the implications of a prolonged period of low interest rates versus an abrupt path to rate normalisation on fragilities in the sector. In this sense, the report discusses policy considerations to help mitigate procyclicality and excessive risk taking in real estate markets by some entities in the non-bank financial sector.

This report identifies competition enforcement trends based on analysis of data from 16 OECD and non-OECD jurisdictions in the Asia-Pacific region from 2015 to 2020. It presents key elements of their institutional approaches to competition enforcement, and a unique analysis of their resources and enforcement activities. The report also includes general competition statistics while looking more closely at the different types of existing merger control regimes, including merger control activity and the use of economics in merger review. Finally, it focuses on the use of economics as an increasingly important analytical framework for competition cases, and outlines to what extent and how this framework has been implemented in Asia-Pacific, more information at https://www.oecd.org/daf/competition/oecd-asia-pacific-competition-law-enforcement-trends.htm.

Cette version abrégée est la traduction partielle de la version anglaise du Panorama des pensions de l’OCDE. Elle contient le résumé de la publication ainsi que l’introduction et les principaux résultats des chapitres 1 et 2. L'édition 2021 de Panorama des pensions met en lumière les réformes des retraites légiférées par les pays de l'OCDE au cours des deux dernières années. Un chapitre spécial porte sur les mécanismes d'ajustements automatiques des systèmes de retraite des pays de l'OCDE, examine l'utilité et les limites de ces instruments des politiques de retraite et suggère des moyens de les améliorer afin de renforcer la capacité des systèmes de retraite à remplir leurs objectifs. Cette édition met également à jour les informations sur les principales caractéristiques des systèmes de retraite dans les pays de l'OCDE et du G20 et fournit des projections sur les revenus de retraite des travailleurs d'aujourd'hui. Elle contient en outre des informations actualisées sur les principales caractéristiques des pensions servies dans les pays de l’OCDE et du G20, ainsi que des projections des revenus de pension que percevront les personnes actuellement sur le marché du travail. Elle propose des indicateurs concernant l’architecture des systèmes de retraite, les droits à la retraite, le contexte démographique et économique dans lequel s’inscrivent les systèmes de retraite, les revenus et la pauvreté chez les personnes âgées, le financement des systèmes de retraite et les pensions privées.

The 2021 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the past two years. Moreover, the special chapter focuses on automatic adjustment mechanisms in pensions systems in OECD countries, discusses the usefulness and limitations of these policy instruments, and suggests ways to improve them in order to enhance the capacity of pension systems to fulfil their objectives. This edition also updates information on the key features of pension provision in OECD and G20 countries and provides projections of retirement income for today’s workers. It offers indicators covering the design of pension systems, pension entitlements, the demographic and economic context in which pension systems operate, incomes and poverty of older people, the finances of retirement‑income systems and private pensions.

Pension Markets in Focus provides detailed and comparable statistics on retirement savings around the world. This annual statistical report contributes to the effort of making data on retirement savings available, as the OECD Core Principles of Private Pension Regulation advocates for, to enable regulators and stakeholders to evaluate the design and operation of pension systems relative to their goals. These statistics can support policy discussions through international comparisons and peer learning, and are the basis of policy recommendations in the OECD series of Pension Reviews. These statistics can also be helpful to private sector representatives, journalists, academics and anyone interested in funded pension systems.

The financial management of disaster risks, such as floods, earthquakes, cyclones, terrorist attacks, cyberattacks and pandemics, remains a key public policy challenge for governments around the world, particularly those faced with significant exposures to such risks and/or limited capacity to manage the financial impacts. This short report provides a brief overview of the key findings and lessons from the last five years of OECD work3 on the financial management of disaster risks

Chỉ trong một khoảng thời gian ngắn, nhờ những cơ chế hỗ trợ thuận lợi mở đường cho đầu tư tư nhân, Việt Nam đã vươn lên trở thành thị trường năng lượng tái tạo hàng đầu của khu vực. Với đà phục hồi nền kinh tế sau đại dịch mạnh mẽ hơn trong thập kỷ tới, nhiệm vụ đảm bảo tăng trưởng bền vững cùng với tích hợp tỷ trọng ngày càng cao công suất điện từ các nguồn biến thiên sẽ là thách thức lớn cho các nhà hoạch định chính sách của Việt Nam. Bên cạnh đó, Việt Nam vẫn là một trong những quốc gia có mức tiêu hao năng lượng cao trong phát triển kinh tế, những nỗ lực cải thiện hiệu quả năng lượng trong các chương trình điều chỉnh thị trường sắp tới sẽ tạo tiềm năng khai thác nhiều lợi ích kinh tế mới. Báo cáo Đánh giá chính sách Đầu tư và Tài chính cho Năng lượng Sạch tại Việt Nam trình bày một quan điểm tổng thể về khung chính sách hiện tại, nêu bật những thành công, xác định những cơ hội củng cố các cơ chế, chính sách còn chưa khai thác có khả năng giúp nâng cao quy mô đầu tư và hoạt động tài chính vào năng lượng sạch. Cùng với đó, báo cáo cũng đưa ra một số khuyến nghị thích hợp dành riêng cho Chính phủ và các đối tác phát triển của Việt Nam. Tài liệu đánh giá này được lập trong khuôn khổ Chương trình Huy động Đầu tư và Tài chính cho Năng lượng sạch (CEFIM), một chương trình hỗ trợ các quốc gia đang phát triển khai thác nguồn vốn đầu tư và tài chính trong lĩnh vực năng lượng sạch.

Peer reviews of competition law and policy are a valuable tool to reform and strengthen a country’s competition framework. This peer review of Ecuador presents the evolution of its competition regime and assesses its competition law and policy.