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Government at a Glance 2021

image of Government at a Glance 2021

The 2021 edition includes input indicators on public finance and employment; process indicators include data on institutions, budgeting practices, human resources management, regulatory governance, public procurement, governance of infrastructure, public sector integrity, open government and digital government. Outcome indicators cover core government results (e.g. trust, political efficacy, inequality reduction) and indicators on access, responsiveness, quality and satisfaction for the education, health and justice sectors. Governance indicators are useful for monitoring and benchmarking governments’ progress in their public sector reforms.

English Also available in: French

General government expenditures

Governments are responsible for providing a range of goods and services to their populations. Some of these are their exclusive competence (e.g. the justice system). Others may be provided both by government and other entities (e.g. health care), and public provision may vary substantially across countries. Governments also work to redistribute income across society, e.g. through social benefits and subsidies. Government expenditures in OECD countries are primarily used to provide public services and transfer income across society. Government expenditures are usually less variable than their revenues, since they are less sensitive to economic upturns and downturns than taxes. One key reason is that some expenditure implements long-term policies which guarantee citizens certain entitlements, such as universal primary education.

English Also available in: French

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