Ensuring that regulators are accountable for their actions can strengthen their performance and increase transparency. Many economic regulators in OECD countries are independent bodies with a strong degree of autonomy in decision making, and they hold significant powers to regulate key network sectors. Their independence supports public trust in the objectivity and impartiality of their decision making which can, in turn, strengthen the confidence of market actors to make necessary investments in the sector. However, as independent regulators are neither elected nor directly managed by elected officials, there should be a balance between independence and measures that facilitate accountability (OECD, 2014). Governments, businesses and society at large expect regulators to drive sector performance and make efficient use of their resources, without imposing unnecessary regulatory burdens. Robust accountability arrangements can help assess and demonstrate how well economic regulators are delivering this mandate. By showing greater levels of accountability and transparency, regulators can demonstrate their integrity, efficiency and effectiveness.