OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Norway 2017
Following a remarkable transformation in the past century in research and innovation, in particular through the development of new technologies and processes in sectors such as oil and gas, shipbuilding and also fisheries and aquaculture, Norway is today increasingly facing a “triple transition imperative” in which it needs, first, to shift toward a more diversified and robust economy; second, to move to a more competitive, effective and efficient innovation system; and third, to support research and innovation activities that can confront an array of societal challenges (climate change, food security, aging, health and so on). The Long-Term Plan for Research and Higher Education 2015-2024 (LTP) launched by the Norwegian government has set the base to enhance the capacity of the research and higher education system to cope with these transition challenges. This report proposes recommendations to take advantage of the revision of this comprehensive strategic plan in 2018 to improve the horizontal coordination and add more concrete structural policy initiatives, without changing the plan’s general orientation nor giving up the sectorial and the consensus principles that form the basis of Norwegian policy making.
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Enhancing competitiveness and innovation: The Norwegian research institute and business sectors
This chapter discusses the state-of-the-art and potential of public research institutes, universities and business firms to contribute to enhancing competitiveness and innovation capacity in Norway, which is one of the three overarching objectives of the government’s Long-Term Plan. The chapter first describes the main features of public research institutes and their performance before addressing the governance and policy aspects affecting this sector. The second part analyses the structural conditions for and performance in commercialising universities’ research, and the policy to support these activities. The third part on business firms addresses their innovation capacity using various proxies and a discussion of the innovation policy. The chapter concludes with a synthesis of the achievements to date and remaining challenges for enhancing competitiveness and innovation and present some high-level conclusions.
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