Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2023
Settling In
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This joint OECD-European Commission publication presents a comprehensive comparison of the integration outcomes of immigrants and their children in OECD, EU and selected other countries. It includes 83 indicators covering three main areas: labour market and skills; living conditions; and civic engagement and social integration. The publication also provides detailed data on the characteristics of immigrant populations and households. Three special chapters are dedicated to focusing on the integration outcomes of specific groups: elderly migrants, youth with foreign-born parents, and third-country nationals in the European Union and European OECD countries.
Immigrant skills and labour market integration
Immigrants’ skills and how they integrate into the labour market are fundamental to becoming part of the host country’s economic fabric. Skills and qualifications are indicators of immigrants’ ability to integrate in the host society. Employment is often considered to be the single most important indicator of integration. However, while employment is important per se, job quality is also a strong determinant shaping how immigrants find their place in society. This chapter looks at immigrants’ level of education (Indicator 3.1), their uptake of further training (3.2), host-country language proficiency (3.3) and examines their labour market outcomes (3.4 and 3.5). It presents indicators of labour market exclusion (Indicators 3.6 and 3.7) and consider the characteristics of immigrants’ jobs: types of contracts (Indicator 3.8), working hours (3.9 and 3.10) as well as the skill levels of jobs (3.11). It analyses if migrants are overqualified for their job (Indicator 3.12) and the incidence of self-employment (3.13).
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