The Road to LGBTI+ Inclusion in Germany
Progress at the Federal and Länder Levels
This report is the first country review undertaken as part of the OECD work on LGBTI+ inclusion. It explores legal and policy progress towards LGBTI+ equality in Germany at both the national and subnational levels, and identifies good practices. The report first investigates the life situation of LGBTI+ Germans by presenting the most up-to-date data on the share of Germans who self-identify as LGBTI+, evaluating the extent to which LGBTI+ Germans face discrimination and violence, and assessing how this population fares in terms of well-being, mental and physical health. The report then examines whether laws critical to achieving LGBTI+ equality have been passed and how LGBTI+ equality in Germany could be further improved through legislation. Finally, beyond laws, the report focuses on policy achievements towards LGBTI+ equality, by distinguishing between remedial policies, aimed at enforcing antidiscrimination and anti-violence laws, and preventive policies, aimed at fostering a culture of equal treatment of LGBTI+ individuals at school, in the workplace, and in healthcare.
LGBTI+ inclusion in Germany: An overview
This introductory chapter summarises the report’s findings on the state of LGBTI+ inclusion in Germany. After investigating the life situation of LGBTI+ Germans, the report analyses the extent to which laws and policies conducive to LGBTI+ equality have been passed and implemented, at both the federal and state levels. The report yields three main takeaways: (i) despite improvements in social acceptance of sexual and gender minorities, anti-LGBTI+ discrimination and violence is a reality that hampers the well-being of millions in Germany; (ii) although legal achievements towards LGBTI+ equality have been substantial at the federal level, they remain modest at the state level; (iii) beyond laws, policy achievements towards LGBTI+ equality have been significant, at both the federal and state levels, although margins for improvement exist notably in the field of preventive policies.
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