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Over the Rainbow? The Road to LGBTI Inclusion

image of Over the Rainbow? The Road to LGBTI Inclusion

Ensuring that LGBTI people – i.e. lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, transgender and intersex individuals – can live as who they are without being discriminated against or attacked is a concern worldwide. Discrimination against LGBTI people remains pervasive, while its cost is massive. It lowers investment in human capital due to bullying at school. It also reduces economic output by excluding LGBTI talents from the labour market and impairing their mental health, hence their productivity. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the extent to which laws in OECD countries ensure equal treatment of LGBTI people, and of the complementary policies that could help foster LGBTI inclusion. The report first identifies the legislative and regulatory frameworks in the areas of civil rights, protection against discrimination and violence, as well as health that are critical for the inclusion of sexual and gender minorities. The report then explores whether these laws are in force in OECD countries and examines the margin for further improvement. Finally, the report investigates the broader policy measures that should accompany LGBTI-inclusive laws in order to strengthen the inclusion of LGBTI people.

English Also available in: French, German

While all OECD countries have decriminalised same-sex consensual sexual acts, only three ban conversion therapy in some of their subnational jurisdictions

Evolution of legal LGBTI inclusivity between 1999 and 2019 OECD-wide, by component of LGB-specific provisions

English Also available in: French

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