Environmental Requirements and Market Access
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Investigating over twenty cases where exports from developing countries faced new environmental requirements, this OECD report examines how environmental requirements can be trade barriers for developing countries. These case studies, covering a diverse number of products and exporting countries, trace a number of environmental regulations, standards and labelling schemes, from conception through implementation. In so doing, they highlight the difference that sensitivity to potential trade effects can make when designing environmental regulations and standards. They also show that timely technical assistance has played a crucial role in helping exporters from developing countries adjust to new environmental requirements without suffering adverse trade effects.
Also available in: French
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Limits on Cadmium in Plastics and PVC
This chapter looks at the effects of the EU Directive limiting the acceptable level of cadmium, a toxic chemical used in the production of plastics. It shows that products exceeding the acceptable limits continue to be imported, sometimes as a result of ignorance in producing and exporting countries, sometimes because of differences in limits set by EU countries, and sometimes because the imported products contain a multiplicity of components obtained from a variety of suppliers, some in compliance, some not.
Also available in: French
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