Environmental Requirements and Market Access
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Investigating over twenty cases where exports from developing countries faced new environmental requirements, this OECD report examines how environmental requirements can be trade barriers for developing countries. These case studies, covering a diverse number of products and exporting countries, trace a number of environmental regulations, standards and labelling schemes, from conception through implementation. In so doing, they highlight the difference that sensitivity to potential trade effects can make when designing environmental regulations and standards. They also show that timely technical assistance has played a crucial role in helping exporters from developing countries adjust to new environmental requirements without suffering adverse trade effects.
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US Import Procedures for Gasoline
This chapter discusses how the US Gasoline Rule, which aimed to reduce pollutants in gasoline in order to meet environmental goals, affected foreign refiners seeking access to the US market. It shows how the targets exporting countries are required to meet in order to access the US market were defined and the procedures that have been adopted. It brings out the importance of addressing market access effects for key developing-country exporters when developing the regulations.
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