Browse by: "2023"
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This publication includes financial stocks (both financial assets and liabilities), by institutional sector (non-financial corporations, financial corporations, general government, households and non-profit institutions serving households, total economy and rest of the world) and by financial instrument. Data are based on the System of National Accounts 2008 (2008 SNA) for all countries.
Ireland has launched an ambitious strategy to build a more inclusive, efficient and sustainable justice sector. Irish citizens recognise these efforts: Ireland is one of the OECD countries with a higher percentage of citizens trusting their government and courts, according to the recent OECD Survey on the Drivers of Trust in Public Institutions. This study aims to support these efforts by analysing the judicial workforce and relevant support structures and processes currently employed by the Irish courts. In particular, the study seeks to contribute to the deliberations of the Irish Judicial Planning Working Group, which was established to identify reform initiatives and evaluate staffing needs to enhance the efficient administration of justice over the next five years.
This publication includes financial transactions (both net acquisition of financial assets and net incurrence of liabilities), by institutional sector (non-financial corporations, financial corporations, general government, households and non-profit institutions serving households, total economy and rest of the world) and by financial operation. Country tables are expressed in national currency. Data are based on the System of National Accounts 2008 (2008 SNA) for all countries.
The Covid-19 pandemic and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine have led to major disruptions to global energy and technology supply chains. Soaring prices for energy and materials, and shortages of critical minerals, semiconductors and other components are posing potential roadblocks for the energy transition. Against this backdrop, the Energy Technology Perspectives 2023 (ETP-2023) provides analysis on the risks and opportunities surrounding the development and scale-up of clean energy and technology supply chains in the years ahead, viewed through the lenses of energy security, resilience and sustainability.
Building on the latest energy, commodity and technology data, as well as recent energy, climate and industrial policy announcements, ETP-2023 explores critical questions around clean energy and technology supply chains: Where are the key bottlenecks to sustainably scale up those supply chains at the pace needed? How might governments shape their industrial policy in response to new energy security concerns for clean energy transitions? Which clean technology areas are at greatest risk of failing to develop secure and resilient supply chains? And what can governments do to mitigate such risks while meeting broader development goals?
The Energy Technology Perspectives series is the IEA’s flagship technology publication, which has been key source of insights on all matters relating to energy technology since 2006. ETP-2023 will be an indispensable guidebook for decision-makers in governments and industry seeking to tap into the opportunities offered by the emerging new energy economy, while navigating uncertainties and safeguarding energy security.
In addition to main aggregates, this publication includes detailed national accounts for final consumption expenditure of households by purpose and simplified accounts for three main sectors: general government, corporations and households. Data are shown for all OECD countries and the Euro area. Country tables are expressed in national currency. Data are based on the System of National Accounts 2008 (2008 SNA) for all countries.
Digital transformation has led to unprecedented reductions in the costs of engaging in international trade, changing how and what we trade, and contributing to growing competitiveness. Digitalisation has changed the scope and speed of the activities undertaken by firms; allowing production activities to move faster and with greater ease; providing new ecosystems for exchange; and helping firms, especially micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), to better connect with each other and with consumers across the globe. Digital tools and growing digital connectivity also provide avenues for greater supply chain resilience, and can help support and speed up the green transition.
Le Forum mondial sur la transparence et l'échange de renseignements à des fins fiscales est un organisme multilatéral pour la transparence fiscale et l'échange de renseignements, au sein duquel plus de 160 juridictions participent sur un pied d'égalité. Le Forum mondial surveille et examine la mise en œuvre des normes internationales d'échange de renseignements sur demande (ERD) et d'échange automatique de renseignements (EAR).
L'EAR prévoit l'échange automatique annuel d'un ensemble prédéfini de renseignements sur les comptes financiers entre les autorités fiscales, afin de les aider à s'assurer que le montant correct de l'impôt est payé. Pour s'assurer que la norme EAR est pleinement efficace, le Forum mondial procède à un examen des cadres juridiques nationaux et internationaux de chaque juridiction pour vérifier qu'ils sont complets, ainsi qu'à un examen de l'efficacité de la norme EAR dans la pratique.
Le rapport d'examen par les pairs 2022 présente les dernières conclusions des examens des cadres juridiques mis en place par chaque juridiction pour mettre en œuvre la norme EAR. Les résultats se rapportent aux plus de 100 juridictions engagées à commencer l'EAR d'ici 2020. Le rapport contient également, pour la première fois, les résultats des examens initiaux de l'efficacité de la mise en œuvre de la norme dans la pratique. Le présent recueil inclut les versions françaises des rapports d’examen par les pairs des juridictions francophones suivantes : Belgique, France, Liban, Luxembourg, Monaco, Nouvelle-Calédonie et Suisse.
Labour markets across the Netherlands recovered quickly from the COVID-19 shock and Dutch cities are now facing an unprecedented level of labour market tightness. The high demand for workers presents a unique opportunity for Dutch municipalities to find pathways into employment for those with the lowest labour market attachment and alleviate the pressure faced by local employers that struggle to find suitable workers. Supporting the diverse population in Dutch cities in finding their way into the labour market requires the efficient use of existing labour market instruments, advancing innovative methods of skills-based job matching and improving the cooperation between national, regional and local labour market institutions. This OECD report analyses current and future bottlenecks that could hamper the effective provision of local labour market services. It highlights policy options for strengthening the capacity of municipalities to support different population groups in making the transition from social welfare recipients to workers.
Greece has rebounded well from the COVID-19 crisis, generating strong employment growth. Increasing investment and exports, government support measures, implementation of the Greece 2.0 Recovery and Resilience Package and the reforms of the past decade have been supporting the economy. However, headwinds from surging energy prices and uncertainty following Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine have slowed the recovery. Achieving and maintaining modest primary budget surpluses, better targeting energy support measures and maintaining public revenues while further broadening the tax base and improving its efficiency will further enhance Greece’s prospects of achieving an investment-grade sovereign debt rating. Maintaining the reform momentum, completing the restoration of banks’ health and continuing efforts to improve the business climate, can ensure that sustainable recovery continues over the longer term. This would also support Greece in raising further living standards as it adjusts to a changing climate and achieves net zero emissions. As elsewhere, the changing climate is already disrupting livelihoods and well-being in Greece. A well-chosen mix of carbon pricing, public infrastructure investments, raising buildings’ energy efficiency and moving transport into low-emission modes can achieve emission cuts cost-effectively, while making people better off with improved housing quality and mobility. Engaging all stakeholders, maintaining a consensus and supporting vulnerable households affected by the green economy transition will help ensure progress continues into the longer term.
SPECIAL FEATURE: THE GREEN ECONOMY TRANSITION
Government information websites are an important tool for governments seeking to improve communications, ease administrative burdens and provide greater access to public services for citizens and businesses. Effective information websites, centred on users’ needs, can ensure a trustworthy information exchange between citizens and the public administration. This report looks at how developing a fit-for-purpose search function, using predictive text, machine learning techniques, and other functionalities, can contribute to effective information websites. It presents recommendations as well as guidelines for ensuring high-quality standards across government information websites, including upgrading them into transactional portals, where citizens may easily access public services and communicate with government agencies about their needs.
Al igual que en el resto de los países de América Latina, la transición verde traerá grandes desafíos en Colombia, pero también la oportunidad de construir un nuevo modelo de desarrollo que sea más sostenible, inclusivo y que genere mayor valor agregado. Por un lado, este proceso involucrará la transformación del aparato productivo y, en particular, la renovación de varios sectores económicos para mitigar sus emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI). Por otro lado, la transición verde demandará la creación de nuevas prácticas en materia de adaptación para fortalecer la resiliencia del país ante eventos climáticos extremos. La aprobación de la Ley 2169 de 2021 en Colombia se une a una serie de esfuerzos del país para impulsar el progreso de la transición verde y hacer frente al cambio climático. Esta ley tiene como objetivo promover el desarrollo bajo en carbono del país mediante el establecimiento de metas y medidas mínimas en materia de carbono-neutralidad y resiliencia climática. Anticipar las futuras disrupciones en el mercado laboral como consecuencia de la transformación del aparato productivo a lo largo de la transición verde es clave para asegurar que dicha transición no solo sea sostenible sino también justa e inclusiva.