This chapter illustrates opportunities in several sectors where artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are seeing rapid uptake, including transport, agriculture, finance, marketing and advertising, science, healthcare, criminal justice, security the public sector, as well as in augmented and virtual reality applications. In these sectors, AI systems can detect patterns in enormous volumes of data and model complex, interdependent systems to generate outcomes that improve the efficiency of decision making, save costs and enable better resource allocation. The section on AI in transportation was developed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Internet Policy Research Institute. Several sections build on work being undertaken across the OECD, including the Committee on Digital Economy Policy and its Working Party on Privacy and Security, the Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy, the e-leaders initiative of the Public Governance Committee, as well as the Committee on Consumer Policy and its Working Party on Consumer Product Safety.