The Road to LGBTI+ Inclusion in Germany
Progress at the Federal and Länder Levels
This report is the first country review undertaken as part of the OECD work on LGBTI+ inclusion. It explores legal and policy progress towards LGBTI+ equality in Germany at both the national and subnational levels, and identifies good practices. The report first investigates the life situation of LGBTI+ Germans by presenting the most up-to-date data on the share of Germans who self-identify as LGBTI+, evaluating the extent to which LGBTI+ Germans face discrimination and violence, and assessing how this population fares in terms of well-being, mental and physical health. The report then examines whether laws critical to achieving LGBTI+ equality have been passed and how LGBTI+ equality in Germany could be further improved through legislation. Finally, beyond laws, the report focuses on policy achievements towards LGBTI+ equality, by distinguishing between remedial policies, aimed at enforcing antidiscrimination and anti-violence laws, and preventive policies, aimed at fostering a culture of equal treatment of LGBTI+ individuals at school, in the workplace, and in healthcare.
Legal achievements towards LGBTI+ equality in Germany
This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the extent to which laws critical to achieve LGBTI+ equality have been passed in Germany, at both the federal and state levels. After clarifying what these laws are, the chapter investigates whether these laws are in force. It concludes by discussing how LGBTI+ equality in Germany could be further improved through legislation. This analysis reveals strong legal achievements towards LGBTI+ equality at the federal level, and more modest ones at the state level where little action has been taken to protect individuals, including sexual and gender minorities, against discrimination originating from state administration and authorities. That said, margins for improvement exist also at the federal level, for all categories of LGBTI+-inclusive laws.
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